APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING ACTIVATED COAL AT MINI THERMAL POWER PLANTS

• Main Authors: Olga V. Afanaseva, Guzel R. Mingaleeva
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Tomsk Polytechnic University 2019-09-01
• Series: Известия Томского политехнического университета: Инжиниринг георесурсов
• Subjects: object of small distributed energy; solid fuel; by-products; activated carbon; activator
• Online Access: http://izvestiya.tpu.ru/archive/article/view/2254/2053
• ISSN: 2500-1019; 2413-1830

The relevance of the researchis caused by the need to develop technological solutions and hardware design for production of by-products at small distributed energy facilities. The majority of small energy objects described in the literature and presented on the market are focused on generation of heat and electrical energy, i.e. on operation of the cogeneration principle. Obtaining by-products by thermal processing of solid fuels allows optimizing the system for production of heat and electricity at mini thermal power plants, improving fuel efficiency, solving environmental problems, and providing valuable chemical products to nearby areas and consumers. The main aim of the researchis to develop the design and carry out the calculation of the apparatus of low power to obtain activated carbon at mini thermal power plants. Object: the apparatus of low power for obtaining activated carbon by thermal processing of solid carbon-containing raw materials in the fluidized bed. Methods:hydrodynamic calculation of non-isothermal jets in a fluidized bed, heat calculation, calculation of parameters of the gas distribution grid. Results.The authors have developed the design of a low-power apparatus for producing activated carbon at mini thermal power plant and chose the design of a fluidized bed reactor as a prototype of the installation.The activator is a sealed apparatus with a perforated gas distribution grid. For the considered activator, the simplest perforated grating with a vertical orientation of round holes concave toward the center was chosen. Coal enters from the top through the loading nozzle and is distributed by a layer on the gas distribution grid, steam is supplied to the activation of coal in a jet fluidization mode through the nozzles. Hot gases – the products of fuel combustion – are fed under the grate and bring the layer into a fluidized state.The authors carried out the hydrodynamic and thermal calculations of the apparatus, namely, they determined the critical velocity of the onset of fluidization, the degree of expansion of the bed, the flow rate of combustion products, the calculation of the isothermal jet in the fluidized bed, the parameters of the gas distribution grid: the length of the gas jet, the area of ​​the cross section of the lattice.