Should Bangladeshi Race Be Considered as an Independent Risk Factor for Multi Vessel Coronary Artery Disease?

• Main Authors: Vasudev R, Shah P, Patel J, Naranjo M, Hosein K, Rampal U, Patel H, Bu J, Roy J, Guragai N, Bhandari P, Virk H, Shamoon F, Bikkina M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2020-04-01
• Series: Vascular Health and Risk Management
• Subjects: coronary artery disease; bangladeshi; race
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/should-bangladeshi-race-be-considered-as-an-independent-risk-factor-fo-peer-reviewed-article-VHRM
• ISSN: 1178-2048

Rahul Vasudev,1 Priyank Shah,2 Jaimy Patel,3 Maria Naranjo,1 Kevin Hosein,1 Upamanyu Rampal,1 Hiten Patel,4 Jingnan Bu,1 Justin Roy,1 Nirmal Guragai,1 Pragya Bhandari,5 Hartaj Virk,1 Fayez Shamoon,1 Mahesh Bikkina1 1Department of Cardiology, St Joseph Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA; 2Department of Cardiology, Phoebe Putney Memorial Hospital, Albany, GA, USA; 3Department of Internal Medicine, St Michel Medical Center, Newark, NJ, USA; 4Department of Cardiology, Cape Fear Valley Medical Center, Campbell University, Fayetteville, NC, USA; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, NepalCorrespondence: Pragya BhandariDepartment of Internal Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, NepalEmail [e-mail]: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) continues to be on the rise not only in the Western developed world but also affecting the South Asian race, particularly Bangladeshis. The objectives of this study were as follows: To determine whether or not risk factors of Bangladeshis differ from non-Bangladeshis, whether there is any difference in the extent of CAD for both groups, and if there are risk factors that can significantly affect the extent of CADMethods: All patients with a diagnosis of CAD admitted to our 800-bed tertiary care hospital between January 2001 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. We reviewed the age, sex, body-mass index (BMI), cardiac risk factors such as family history of CAD, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking. We also reviewed coronary angiographic findings of these consecutive 150 Bangladeshis and a randomly selected group of 193 non-Bangladeshis.Results: A total of 343 medical records were evaluated, this included two groups: 193 non-Bangladeshis and 150 Bangladeshi subjects. The Bangladeshi group was older than the non-Bangladeshi group (63.49 vs 59.22, p-value=0.001), and included a larger proportion of males than the non-Bangladeshi group (28.7% vs 15.68%, p-value=0.0116). Bangladeshi subjects are more likely to be smokers than non-Bangladeshi (11.75% vs 6.67%, χ 2=12.7, p-value=0.0004). Non-obstructive, 1-vessel, 2-vessel and 3-vessel accounts for 13.33%, 36.67%, 22%, and 28% for Bangladeshis, and 16.39%, 20.77% 34.43% and 28.42% for non-Bangladeshis, respectively. The difference of extent of CAD is significant between two groups (χ 2 =12.397, p-value=0.0061). The findings suggest that Bangladeshi ethnicity has almost 2 times the likelihood of having 1-vessel CAD at coronary angiography (OR=2.361, 95% CI 1.452– 3.839, p=0.0005).Conclusion: This study is a pivotal starting point for further evaluating the link between Bangladeshis and CAD. In our study we found that being Bangladeshi increases the risk of having CAD and may be an independent risk factor for multi-vessel CAD.Keywords: coronary artery disease, Bangladeshi, race