Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza

Imbiza is a herbal tonic, which has gained popularity amongst South Africans as an immune booster and for the treatment of many minor and chronic illnesses. Main ingredients of Imbiza are extracts from two medicinal plants namely Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica. The concentrations of various...

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Main Authors: Nomfundo T. Mahlangeni, Roshila Moodley, Sreekanth B. Jonnalagadda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2018-01-01
Series:Arabian Journal of Chemistry
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535214001427
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spelling doaj-1b7e9e2a71564070a1299f4e00b776f72020-11-25T00:00:38ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522018-01-0111112813610.1016/j.arabjc.2014.07.007Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, ImbizaNomfundo T. MahlangeniRoshila MoodleySreekanth B. JonnalagaddaImbiza is a herbal tonic, which has gained popularity amongst South Africans as an immune booster and for the treatment of many minor and chronic illnesses. Main ingredients of Imbiza are extracts from two medicinal plants namely Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica. The concentrations of various elements in these two plants are examined. The total and water extractable elemental concentrations were determined in both the plants. The elemental concentrations in the water extracts more closely represent concentrations in the herbal tonic. Concentrations of selected elements in C. obliquus bulbs collected from eight market sites around the KwaZulu-Natal province were investigated. The levels of the elements in decreasing order were Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu ≈ Se > Pb > Cr for total concentrations; and Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn for water extractable forms. Elemental levels in C. obliquus bulbs were dependent on the source, which suggested the importance of collection sites on elemental levels. A high percentage of Zn (77.5–91.5%) was found in water extracts. The levels of selected elements in L. javanica leaves collected from ten different locations around the KwaZulu-Natal province were also investigated. The levels of the elements were found to be in the decreasing order of Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Se > Cr > Pb > Co > Cd for total concentrations and Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb for water extractable forms. It was evident from the study that the herbal tonic was a good source of Ca and Mg, thus accredited as a viable immune booster and toxic metals were below the recommended levels in the investigated samples.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535214001427Cyrtanthus obliquusLippia javanicaImbizaElemental compositionHerbal preparation
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Nomfundo T. Mahlangeni
Roshila Moodley
Sreekanth B. Jonnalagadda
spellingShingle Nomfundo T. Mahlangeni
Roshila Moodley
Sreekanth B. Jonnalagadda
Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
Arabian Journal of Chemistry
Cyrtanthus obliquus
Lippia javanica
Imbiza
Elemental composition
Herbal preparation
author_facet Nomfundo T. Mahlangeni
Roshila Moodley
Sreekanth B. Jonnalagadda
author_sort Nomfundo T. Mahlangeni
title Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
title_short Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
title_full Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
title_fullStr Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
title_full_unstemmed Elemental composition of Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica used in South African herbal tonic, Imbiza
title_sort elemental composition of cyrtanthus obliquus and lippia javanica used in south african herbal tonic, imbiza
publisher Elsevier
series Arabian Journal of Chemistry
issn 1878-5352
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Imbiza is a herbal tonic, which has gained popularity amongst South Africans as an immune booster and for the treatment of many minor and chronic illnesses. Main ingredients of Imbiza are extracts from two medicinal plants namely Cyrtanthus obliquus and Lippia javanica. The concentrations of various elements in these two plants are examined. The total and water extractable elemental concentrations were determined in both the plants. The elemental concentrations in the water extracts more closely represent concentrations in the herbal tonic. Concentrations of selected elements in C. obliquus bulbs collected from eight market sites around the KwaZulu-Natal province were investigated. The levels of the elements in decreasing order were Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu ≈ Se > Pb > Cr for total concentrations; and Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn for water extractable forms. Elemental levels in C. obliquus bulbs were dependent on the source, which suggested the importance of collection sites on elemental levels. A high percentage of Zn (77.5–91.5%) was found in water extracts. The levels of selected elements in L. javanica leaves collected from ten different locations around the KwaZulu-Natal province were also investigated. The levels of the elements were found to be in the decreasing order of Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Se > Cr > Pb > Co > Cd for total concentrations and Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb for water extractable forms. It was evident from the study that the herbal tonic was a good source of Ca and Mg, thus accredited as a viable immune booster and toxic metals were below the recommended levels in the investigated samples.
topic Cyrtanthus obliquus
Lippia javanica
Imbiza
Elemental composition
Herbal preparation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535214001427
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