Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation on Autonomic Function

• Main Authors: Adam Basiago, Devin K. Binder
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2016-08-01
• Series: Brain Sciences
• Subjects: deep brain stimulation; autonomic dysfunction; subthalamic nucleus; periaqueductal or periventricular gray; globus pallidus interna; thalamus; blood pressure; sweating; micturition; gastrointestinal motility
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/6/3/33

Over the course of the development of deep brain stimulation (DBS) into a well-established therapy for Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, its utility as a potential treatment for autonomic dysfunction has emerged. Dysfunction of autonomic processes is common in neurological diseases. Depending on the specific target in the brain, DBS has been shown to raise or lower blood pressure, normalize the baroreflex, to alter the caliber of bronchioles, and eliminate hyperhidrosis, all through modulation of the sympathetic nervous system. It has also been shown to improve cortical control of the bladder, directly induce or inhibit the micturition reflex, and to improve deglutition and gastric emptying. In this review, we will attempt to summarize the relevant available studies describing these effects of DBS on autonomic function, which vary greatly in character and magnitude with respect to stimulation target.