Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India

MRSA causes nosocomial and community based infections. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Resistance in MRSA is encoded by mecA gene. Anterior nares are the ecological niche of Staphylococcus aureus. HCWs who are colonized with MRSA, act as agents of cross contamination of ho...

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Main Authors: Shamim Rahman, Ragini Ananth Kashid
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2021-06-01
Series:Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://microbiologyjournal.org/phenotypic-and-genotypic-detection-of-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-health-care-workers-and-its-containment-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-south-india/
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spelling doaj-1aef36e4e5544b8ea4fe5006d0822e1c2021-10-02T18:50:33ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2021-06-0115278779610.22207/JPAM.15.2.32Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South IndiaShamim Rahmanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-6884Ragini Ananth Kashidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1054-6424MRSA causes nosocomial and community based infections. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Resistance in MRSA is encoded by mecA gene. Anterior nares are the ecological niche of Staphylococcus aureus. HCWs who are colonized with MRSA, act as agents of cross contamination of hospital and community acquired MRSA. Treating MRSA infections is a therapeutic challenge as it is resistant to beta lactam group of drugs. Therefore, there is a need for rapid and accurate detection of MRSA carriage in HCWs and to understand its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.The objective of the present study is to estimate the occurrence of MRSA in HCWs, using phenotypic and genotypic methods. A prospective study for six months was conducted after obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee clearance. Anterior nasal swabs of those HCWs who gave informed consent were taken processed for culture and sensitivity as per standard protocol. To detect MIC for oxacillin, E-strip method was used. mecA gene detection was done by PCR. A total of 300 HCWs were sampled.14.66% (44/300) of the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, of which 10 isolates were detected as MRSA. The overall isolation rate of MRSA is 3.33 %(10/300). MRSA carriage was high amongst nurses (5/59, 8.47%), followed by doctors (4/105, 3.80%).Antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that highest resistance was to penicillin (75%) followed by amoxiclav (70.45 %).9 MRSA isolates were detected as mecA gene positive by PCR. MRSA carriers were decontaminated successfully with 2% mupirocin ointment and 2% chlorhexidine shampoo. This study reiterates the need for rapid and accurate identification of HCWs who have nasal colonization with MRSA, for reinforcing hospital infection control measures and decontamination protocol. This will help prevent the spread of MRSA in our community.https://microbiologyjournal.org/phenotypic-and-genotypic-detection-of-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-health-care-workers-and-its-containment-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-south-india/decolonizatione-striphealth care workersmeca genemethicillin resistancenasal carriage of mrsa
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Shamim Rahman
Ragini Ananth Kashid
spellingShingle Shamim Rahman
Ragini Ananth Kashid
Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
decolonization
e-strip
health care workers
meca gene
methicillin resistance
nasal carriage of mrsa
author_facet Shamim Rahman
Ragini Ananth Kashid
author_sort Shamim Rahman
title Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
title_short Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
title_full Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
title_fullStr Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
title_full_unstemmed Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Health Care Workers and Its Containment in a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India
title_sort phenotypic and genotypic detection of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in health care workers and its containment in a tertiary care hospital, in south india
publisher Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
series Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
issn 0973-7510
2581-690X
publishDate 2021-06-01
description MRSA causes nosocomial and community based infections. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Resistance in MRSA is encoded by mecA gene. Anterior nares are the ecological niche of Staphylococcus aureus. HCWs who are colonized with MRSA, act as agents of cross contamination of hospital and community acquired MRSA. Treating MRSA infections is a therapeutic challenge as it is resistant to beta lactam group of drugs. Therefore, there is a need for rapid and accurate detection of MRSA carriage in HCWs and to understand its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.The objective of the present study is to estimate the occurrence of MRSA in HCWs, using phenotypic and genotypic methods. A prospective study for six months was conducted after obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee clearance. Anterior nasal swabs of those HCWs who gave informed consent were taken processed for culture and sensitivity as per standard protocol. To detect MIC for oxacillin, E-strip method was used. mecA gene detection was done by PCR. A total of 300 HCWs were sampled.14.66% (44/300) of the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, of which 10 isolates were detected as MRSA. The overall isolation rate of MRSA is 3.33 %(10/300). MRSA carriage was high amongst nurses (5/59, 8.47%), followed by doctors (4/105, 3.80%).Antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that highest resistance was to penicillin (75%) followed by amoxiclav (70.45 %).9 MRSA isolates were detected as mecA gene positive by PCR. MRSA carriers were decontaminated successfully with 2% mupirocin ointment and 2% chlorhexidine shampoo. This study reiterates the need for rapid and accurate identification of HCWs who have nasal colonization with MRSA, for reinforcing hospital infection control measures and decontamination protocol. This will help prevent the spread of MRSA in our community.
topic decolonization
e-strip
health care workers
meca gene
methicillin resistance
nasal carriage of mrsa
url https://microbiologyjournal.org/phenotypic-and-genotypic-detection-of-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-health-care-workers-and-its-containment-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-south-india/
work_keys_str_mv AT shamimrahman phenotypicandgenotypicdetectionofmethicillinresistantstaphylococcusaureusinhealthcareworkersanditscontainmentinatertiarycarehospitalinsouthindia
AT raginiananthkashid phenotypicandgenotypicdetectionofmethicillinresistantstaphylococcusaureusinhealthcareworkersanditscontainmentinatertiarycarehospitalinsouthindia
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