Nonconsumptive predator effects modify crayfish‐induced bioturbation as mediated by limb loss: Field and mesocosm experiments

Abstract We addressed the implications of limb loss and regeneration for multispecies interactions and their impacts on ecosystem engineering in freshwater stream environments. We included regenerative and nonregenerative crayfish as well as fish predators in a 2 × 2 factorial design to assess the e...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Luc A. Dunoyer, Dakota Coomes, Philip H. Crowley
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-03-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5444
Description
Summary:Abstract We addressed the implications of limb loss and regeneration for multispecies interactions and their impacts on ecosystem engineering in freshwater stream environments. We included regenerative and nonregenerative crayfish as well as fish predators in a 2 × 2 factorial design to assess the effects on water turbidity of interactions between crayfish ecosystem engineers differing in regenerative status and their fish predators. We demonstrated that crayfish limb loss and predation risks lead to more turbidity in field and mesocosm conditions. Moreover, ongoing regeneration of crayfish increased turbidity, while fish presence seemed to hinder crayfish turbidity‐inducing behaviors (such as tail‐flipping and burrowing) in the mesocosm experiment. We confirmed that greater numbers of crayfish produce a greater amount of turbidity in situ in streams. Although mechanical burrowing crayfish capacities may depend on crayfish burrowing classification (primary, secondary, or tertiary), our work emphasizes the implication for turbidity levels of crayfish autotomy in freshwater streams.
ISSN:2045-7758