Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers

Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers

A scheme of optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) is proposed based on phase-dependent electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. For a closed structure, its transmission depends on the relative phase of applied fields. Based on EIT, the PAM-4 may be...

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Main Authors: Jing Wang, Mingzhi Han, Shengfang Zhao, Yangjian Cai, Fedor Jelezko, Zhengmao Jia, Qingtian Zeng, Yandong Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-11-01
Series:Results in Physics
Subjects:
Electromagnetically induced transparency
Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
nitrogen-vacancy center
Phase control
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221137972100855X
id doaj-1a960fc35cc04d298f1d846fb7df2013
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spelling doaj-1a960fc35cc04d298f1d846fb7df20132021-10-09T04:37:40ZengElsevierResults in Physics2211-37972021-11-0130104802Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centersJing Wang0Mingzhi Han1Shengfang Zhao2Yangjian Cai3Fedor Jelezko4Zhengmao Jia5Qingtian Zeng6Yandong Peng7Qingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaQingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaQingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaInstitute of Quantum Optics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm 89081, GermanyQingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaQingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaQingdao Key Laboratory of Terahertz Technology, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; Corresponding author.A scheme of optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) is proposed based on phase-dependent electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. For a closed structure, its transmission depends on the relative phase of applied fields. Based on EIT, the PAM-4 may be achieved by encoding the relative phase and decoding the amplitude of the transmission field. Simulation results show that the differential nonlinearity and the integral nonlinearity of the proposed scheme could be reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with that based on Mach–Zehnder modulator scheme, and the ratio of level separation mismatch is closer to the ideal value 1. Furthermore, the improvement of the system at different probe field detunings and coupling field strengths is investigated.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221137972100855XElectromagnetically induced transparencyFour-level pulse amplitude modulationnitrogen-vacancy centerPhase control
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Jing Wang
Mingzhi Han
Shengfang Zhao
Yangjian Cai
Fedor Jelezko
Zhengmao Jia
Qingtian Zeng
Yandong Peng
spellingShingle Jing Wang
Mingzhi Han
Shengfang Zhao
Yangjian Cai
Fedor Jelezko
Zhengmao Jia
Qingtian Zeng
Yandong Peng
Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
Results in Physics
Electromagnetically induced transparency
Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
nitrogen-vacancy center
Phase control
author_facet Jing Wang
Mingzhi Han
Shengfang Zhao
Yangjian Cai
Fedor Jelezko
Zhengmao Jia
Qingtian Zeng
Yandong Peng
author_sort Jing Wang
title Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
title_short Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
title_full Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
title_fullStr Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
title_full_unstemmed Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
title_sort optical pam-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers
publisher Elsevier
series Results in Physics
issn 2211-3797
publishDate 2021-11-01
description A scheme of optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) is proposed based on phase-dependent electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. For a closed structure, its transmission depends on the relative phase of applied fields. Based on EIT, the PAM-4 may be achieved by encoding the relative phase and decoding the amplitude of the transmission field. Simulation results show that the differential nonlinearity and the integral nonlinearity of the proposed scheme could be reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with that based on Mach–Zehnder modulator scheme, and the ratio of level separation mismatch is closer to the ideal value 1. Furthermore, the improvement of the system at different probe field detunings and coupling field strengths is investigated.
topic Electromagnetically induced transparency
Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
nitrogen-vacancy center
Phase control
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221137972100855X
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AT fedorjelezko opticalpam4generationviaelectromagneticallyinducedtransparencyinnitrogenvacancycenters
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