| Summary: | Background
To date, very few smoking cessation interventions
targeting waterpipe tobacco smoking have been reported worldwide.
Methods
Thirty-one adults completed the study. Participants
were adults 18 years of age and older who smoked tobacco using a waterpipe
three times or more per week for the past one year, did not smoke cigarettes,
and were not planning on quitting waterpipe tobacco smoking. Design: A two-group,
repeated measures (10 study visits on Mondays and Thursdays) design was used.
Participants were randomly assigned to either the contingent (n = 19) or non-contingent (n
=20) study arms.
Intervention: Contingent participants received monetary incentives based on negative
salivary cotinine results. Earning incentives started at $14 and increased by $
0.50 for a maximum $192.50. Non-contingent participants earned incentives
independent of salivary cotinine results. Participants in both study
arms had the opportunity to earn the same amount of money. The primary study
outcomes were biochemically verified prolonged abstinence and 7-day point
prevalence.
Results
The prolonged abstinence rate in the contingent and non-contingent groups were 61% and 6%, respectively, (p ˂ 0.001). The 7-day point prevalence in the contingent and non-contingent were 47% and 5%, respectively, (p = 0.003). The odds of abstinence were 17.10 (95% CI=1.89, 154.84) times greater for the contingent group than for the non-contingent group.
Conclusions
The preliminary results support further
examination of contingency management as a strategy for
initially motivating unwilling waterpipe smokers to quit.
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