Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude

Background. Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000 m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated...

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Main Authors: Lin Wang, Nanfang Li, Mulalibieke Heizhati, Suofeiya Abulikemu, Delian Zhang, Qin Luo, Ling Zhou, Jing Hong, Junli Hu, Li Cai, Xin Zhao, Le Sun, Liang Shao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2020-01-01
Series:International Journal of Hypertension
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5406485
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record_format Article
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language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lin Wang
Nanfang Li
Mulalibieke Heizhati
Suofeiya Abulikemu
Delian Zhang
Qin Luo
Ling Zhou
Jing Hong
Junli Hu
Li Cai
Xin Zhao
Le Sun
Liang Shao
spellingShingle Lin Wang
Nanfang Li
Mulalibieke Heizhati
Suofeiya Abulikemu
Delian Zhang
Qin Luo
Ling Zhou
Jing Hong
Junli Hu
Li Cai
Xin Zhao
Le Sun
Liang Shao
Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
International Journal of Hypertension
author_facet Lin Wang
Nanfang Li
Mulalibieke Heizhati
Suofeiya Abulikemu
Delian Zhang
Qin Luo
Ling Zhou
Jing Hong
Junli Hu
Li Cai
Xin Zhao
Le Sun
Liang Shao
author_sort Lin Wang
title Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
title_short Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
title_full Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
title_fullStr Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude
title_sort prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and related factors of hypertension among tajik nomads living in pamirs at high altitude
publisher Hindawi Limited
series International Journal of Hypertension
issn 2090-0384
2090-0392
publishDate 2020-01-01
description Background. Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000 m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension among Tajik population in Pamirs. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2015 using stratified three-stage random sampling in Taxkorgan county, Pamirs, China. Hypertension is defined as mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication within the past two weeks. The prevalence (SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥80 mmHg) was also estimated using the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors were evaluated. Results. Totally, 797 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled with 46.3% men and 88.8% nomads with the mean age of 42.3 ± 15.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% (140/90 mmHg), and the prevalence was as high as 40.3%, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Overall awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 52.8%, 40.9%, and 9.3%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.44–4.04) was a risk factor for prehypertension, and age ≥60 years (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09–3.22) were risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (45.4%) as monotherapy, and 13.6% of treated hypertensive patients used two drugs. Conclusions. There is a considerable prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment, and control rates among Tajik nomads in Pamirs, where health programs improving the hypertension status are urgently needed, with the excess weight loss as a strategy.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5406485
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spelling doaj-19d948709d75476f95095de0c33806542020-11-25T03:29:20ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Hypertension2090-03842090-03922020-01-01202010.1155/2020/54064855406485Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High AltitudeLin Wang0Nanfang Li1Mulalibieke Heizhati2Suofeiya Abulikemu3Delian Zhang4Qin Luo5Ling Zhou6Jing Hong7Junli Hu8Li Cai9Xin Zhao10Le Sun11Liang Shao12Hypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaHypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, ChinaBackground. Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000 m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension among Tajik population in Pamirs. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2015 using stratified three-stage random sampling in Taxkorgan county, Pamirs, China. Hypertension is defined as mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication within the past two weeks. The prevalence (SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥80 mmHg) was also estimated using the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors were evaluated. Results. Totally, 797 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled with 46.3% men and 88.8% nomads with the mean age of 42.3 ± 15.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% (140/90 mmHg), and the prevalence was as high as 40.3%, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Overall awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 52.8%, 40.9%, and 9.3%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.44–4.04) was a risk factor for prehypertension, and age ≥60 years (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09–3.22) were risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (45.4%) as monotherapy, and 13.6% of treated hypertensive patients used two drugs. Conclusions. There is a considerable prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment, and control rates among Tajik nomads in Pamirs, where health programs improving the hypertension status are urgently needed, with the excess weight loss as a strategy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5406485