THE AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF ALVEOLAR JAWS BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN GROWING CHILDREN

• Main Authors: V.F. Makeev, A-S.A. Krupnyk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy 2016-03-01
• Series: Український стоматологічний альманах
• Subjects: alveolar jaws, bone mineral density, children and adolescent, computing tomography.
• Online Access: https://dental-almanac.org/index.php/journal/article/view/227
• ISSN: 2409-0255; 2410-1427

Introduction. Mechanical and biological properties of jaw bone regards in the planning, effectiveness and prognosis of dental treatment. It’s quantitative and qualitative parameters are factors which influence on the dental implantation reconstructive surgery and bone procedure, orthodontic and periodontal treatments. Computer tomography technology (3D) uses for maxillofacial area bone structures visualization in modern dentistry. The advantages of this method are the high accuracy, low cost, short time survey. Not only jaw shape, linear dimensions and bone tissue amount can be determined by 3D method but biological parameters such as bone density. The aim of the present research was to study the age-related features of alveolar jaws bone mineral density in growing children using computer tomography. Materials and methods. CT scans of 297 growing children in age 7-18 years old were analyzed. Bone mineral density at frontal and distal areas of maxilla and mandible was recorded in Hounsfield Units (HU). The data were compared by age, sex and localization. The data of bone mineral density in areas of secondary adentia and areas with teeth in adolescents of both sexes were analyzed and compared. The data were statistically computed. Results and discussion. Specific differences in bone mineral density of jaws (BMD) for ages and genders have not been found. The BMD of maxilla and mandible increased with age in both sex groups, varying from 440 to 631 HU and relates to the III type of bone. The main BMD fast increasing begins approximately from age 10- 12 and its rate gradually slowing down after 16 years. In males the BMD of both jaws increased gradually. The females had increasing peak in puberty between 12-15 years. It is found that BMD is slightly higher in frontal areas of maxilla and mandible than in distal. BMD is the most high in the middle of alveolar bone of both jaws. Comparing to the apical and marginal levels this data are significantly higher (p<0,05). The highest data of BMD are in the middle level of the maxilla and mandible alveolar bone comparing with apical and marginal level (p<0,05). Statistically significant differences of BMD is found in areas of secondary adentia and in similar areas of jaws with teeth. Conclusions: The BMD in healthy growing children from 7 to 18 years old is increased with age. BMD changes help to determine the intensity of jaws bone formation in growing children.