Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Real-World Clinical Practice and Strategy to Minimize Adverse Effects and Use of Healthcare Resources

• Main Authors: Rodríguez-Regal A, Ramos-Rúa L, Anibarro-García L, Lopez Real AM, Amigo-Jorrín MC
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2021-01-01
• Series: Patient Preference and Adherence
• Subjects: multiple sclerosis. dimethyl fumarate. annualized relapse rate. adverse effects. clinical practice
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/effectiveness-of-dimethyl-fumarate-in-real-world-clinical-practice-and-peer-reviewed-article-PPA

Ana Rodríguez-Regal,1 Laura Ramos-Rúa,2 Luis Anibarro-García,3 Ana María Lopez Real,4 María del Campo Amigo-Jorrín1 1Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHUP), Pontevedra, Spain; 2Department of Neurology, Hospital Público de Monforte, Lugo, Spain; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHUP), Pontevedra, Spain; 4Department OfNeurology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Coruña (CHUAC), La Coruña, SpainCorrespondence: María del Campo Amigo-JorrínComplejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHUP), Avda. Eduardo Pondal 4-6G, Pontevedra 36003, Spain, Tel [phone]Email [e-mail]: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has shown efficacy in reducing relapse rates in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, associated adverse effects (AE) such as gastrointestinal (GI) AE, flushing and lymphopenia are the main cause of treatment discontinuation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DMF, and to assess strategies to reduce treatment discontinuation rates in routine clinical practice.Patients and Methods: Ninety patients started DMF treatment between August 2015 and February 2020. Prior to DMF therapy, patients received written information regarding treatment and the management of AE, along with medical prescriptions. Clinical and analytical data were collected at clinical visits performed at least 6-monthly, and disease progression was evaluated by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Results: Prior to DMF, 78.7% of patients had an annualized relapse rate (ARR) of 1.07 (range: 1– 3) and median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 1.0 (range: 0– 2). At final follow-up, ARR and median EDSS scores were significantly reduced to 0.09 (range: 0– 2; p< 0.001) and 0 (range: 0– 1.625; p< 0.001), respectively. Just over one quarter of patients with brain MRI (26.8% of 71 patients) showed improvement in disease activity based on MRI evaluation. Lymphopenia was associated with previous treatment lines (p=0.042) and longer disease duration (p=0.032). A total of twelve patients abandoned DMF treatment, mainly due to lymphopenia (7.9%), but none did it because of GI AE or flushing.Conclusion: In our series, DMF showed high clinical and radiological efficacy. Providing patients with complete information prior to treatment on the management of associated AE helps them to better understand what to expect, improves tolerance and reduces clinical and telephone consultations, which may help to reduce the use and cost of healthcare resources.Keywords: multiple sclerosis, dimethyl fumarate, annualized relapse rate, adverse effects, clinical practice