Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Novel Trifluoromethyl and Trifluoromethoxy Substituted Chalcone Derivatives

• Main Authors: Surendra Babu Lagu, Rajendra Prasad Yejella, Richie R. Bhandare, Afzal B. Shaik
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-11-01
• Series: Pharmaceuticals
• Subjects: fluorinated compounds; chalcones; trifluoromethyl; trifluoromethoxy; antibacterial activity; antifungal activity
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/11/375

Despite the availability of many drugs to treat infectious diseases, the problems like narrow antimicrobial spectrum, drug resistance, hypersensitivities and systemic toxicities are hampering their clinical utility. Based on the above facts, in the present study, we designed, synthesized and evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal activity of novel fluorinated compounds comprising of chalcones bearing trifluoromethyl (<b>A1</b>–<b>A10</b>) and trifluoromethoxy (<b>B1</b>–<b>B10</b>) substituents. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against four pathogenic Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>) and Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>) bacterial and fungal (<i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i>) strains. In this study, the compounds with trifluoromethoxy group were more effective than those with trifluoromethyl group. Among the 20 fluorinated chalcones, compound <b>A3</b>/<b>B3</b> bearing an indole ring attached to the olefinic carbon have been proved to possess the most antimicrobial activity compared to the standard drugs without showing cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell line (L02). Further, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for <b>A3</b>/<b>B3</b> was determined by serial tube dilution method and showed potential activity. These results would provide promising access to future study about the development of novel agents against bacterial and fungal infections.