Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years

Introduction: Spain is the European leader in overweight (O-W), partly to the social and environmental changes of the last decades. The objective of the work was to study the modifiable risk factors that lead to O-W. Material and methods: A self-designed questionnaire with factors related to childho...

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Main Authors: María Isabel Jiménez Candel, Pedro J. Carpena Lucas, Guillermo Ceballos-Santamaría, José Mondéjar Jiménez, Ana Belén Monreal Tomás, Victoria Eugenia Lozano Pastor
Format: Article
Language:Spanish
Published: Elsevier 2021-09-01
Series:Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2341287921001277
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record_format Article
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language Spanish
format Article
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author María Isabel Jiménez Candel
Pedro J. Carpena Lucas
Guillermo Ceballos-Santamaría
José Mondéjar Jiménez
Ana Belén Monreal Tomás
Victoria Eugenia Lozano Pastor
spellingShingle María Isabel Jiménez Candel
Pedro J. Carpena Lucas
Guillermo Ceballos-Santamaría
José Mondéjar Jiménez
Ana Belén Monreal Tomás
Victoria Eugenia Lozano Pastor
Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
Sobrepeso
Obesidad
Adolescentes
Factores de riesgo
Actividad física
Alimentación
author_facet María Isabel Jiménez Candel
Pedro J. Carpena Lucas
Guillermo Ceballos-Santamaría
José Mondéjar Jiménez
Ana Belén Monreal Tomás
Victoria Eugenia Lozano Pastor
author_sort María Isabel Jiménez Candel
title Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
title_short Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
title_full Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
title_fullStr Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
title_sort relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 years
publisher Elsevier
series Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
issn 2341-2879
publishDate 2021-09-01
description Introduction: Spain is the European leader in overweight (O-W), partly to the social and environmental changes of the last decades. The objective of the work was to study the modifiable risk factors that lead to O-W. Material and methods: A self-designed questionnaire with factors related to childhood obesity was produced, and was administered to the parents of adolescents who were attending first year of high school in four centres in Health Area V in Murcia. Weight, height, abdominal circumference and Waist-Height Index (WHI) of the students were measured, and classified as overweight-obesity. A reduction technique was applied, generating factors that grouped the items according to subject, as well as a multivalent technique to assess the dependency relationship between the variables, and the SB-OI. Results: Of the 421 students included, 28% and 35% had excess weight and abdominal obesity, respectively. The factor analysis grouped the items into 4 factors: diet, physical activity, technologies, and environment, with a subsection about body perception. The structural equation model presented an R2 of 0.440. The highest relationship was obtained with the environment factor (t 2.89), and perception (t 14.61), followed by the use of technologies. A direct relationship was also revealed regarding diet and physical activity, although not significant. Conclusions: Family perception and the social-school environment have an important influence on the development of the O-W. Health education interventions involving parents and teachers are probably the smartest and most cost-effective strategies. Resumen: Introducción: España se sitúa a la cabeza europea en exceso de peso (EP) debido en parte a los cambios sociales y ambientales de las últimas décadas. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar los factores de riesgo modificables que condicionan el EP. Material y métodos: Se autodiseñó una encuesta con los factores relacionados con la obesidad infantil y se administró a los padres de adolescentes que cursaban primero de secundaria en cuatro centros del Área V de Salud de Murcia. Se objetivó peso, talla, perímetro abdominal e Índice Cintura-Talla (ICT) de los alumnos y se clasificaron en sobrepeso-obesidad. Se aplicó técnica de reducción de dimensiones, generando factores que agruparon los ítems según materia y se realizó técnica multivalente para valorar la relación de dependencia entre las variables y el exceso de peso. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 421 alumnos, 28% y 35% con exceso de peso y obesidad abdominal, respectivamente El análisis factorial agrupó los ítems en 4 factores: alimentación, actividad física, tecnologías y entorno, existiendo un subapartado de percepción corporal. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales presentó un R2 de 0.440. Se obtuvo la mayor relación con el factor entorno (t 2.89), y percepción (t 14.61), seguido del uso de tecnologías. Además reveló una relación directa respecto a la alimentación y la actividad física, aunque no significativa. Conclusiones: La percepción familiar y el ambiente social-escolar influyen de forma importante en el desarrollo del EP. Las intervenciones de educación para la salud con inclusión de padres y profesores probablemente sean las estrategias más inteligentes y rentables.
topic Sobrepeso
Obesidad
Adolescentes
Factores de riesgo
Actividad física
Alimentación
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2341287921001277
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spelling doaj-1798875e788849668ea96cac2993a5dd2021-09-09T04:28:24ZspaElsevierAnales de Pediatría (English Edition)2341-28792021-09-01953159166Relationship between modifiable risk factors and overweight in adolescents aged 12–14 yearsMaría Isabel Jiménez Candel0Pedro J. Carpena Lucas1Guillermo Ceballos-Santamaría2José Mondéjar Jiménez3Ana Belén Monreal Tomás4Victoria Eugenia Lozano Pastor5Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Castillo, Yecla, Murcia, Spain; Corresponding author.Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Castillo, Yecla, Murcia, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, SpainServicio de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Castillo, Yecla, Murcia, SpainServicio de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Castillo, Yecla, Murcia, SpainIntroduction: Spain is the European leader in overweight (O-W), partly to the social and environmental changes of the last decades. The objective of the work was to study the modifiable risk factors that lead to O-W. Material and methods: A self-designed questionnaire with factors related to childhood obesity was produced, and was administered to the parents of adolescents who were attending first year of high school in four centres in Health Area V in Murcia. Weight, height, abdominal circumference and Waist-Height Index (WHI) of the students were measured, and classified as overweight-obesity. A reduction technique was applied, generating factors that grouped the items according to subject, as well as a multivalent technique to assess the dependency relationship between the variables, and the SB-OI. Results: Of the 421 students included, 28% and 35% had excess weight and abdominal obesity, respectively. The factor analysis grouped the items into 4 factors: diet, physical activity, technologies, and environment, with a subsection about body perception. The structural equation model presented an R2 of 0.440. The highest relationship was obtained with the environment factor (t 2.89), and perception (t 14.61), followed by the use of technologies. A direct relationship was also revealed regarding diet and physical activity, although not significant. Conclusions: Family perception and the social-school environment have an important influence on the development of the O-W. Health education interventions involving parents and teachers are probably the smartest and most cost-effective strategies. Resumen: Introducción: España se sitúa a la cabeza europea en exceso de peso (EP) debido en parte a los cambios sociales y ambientales de las últimas décadas. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar los factores de riesgo modificables que condicionan el EP. Material y métodos: Se autodiseñó una encuesta con los factores relacionados con la obesidad infantil y se administró a los padres de adolescentes que cursaban primero de secundaria en cuatro centros del Área V de Salud de Murcia. Se objetivó peso, talla, perímetro abdominal e Índice Cintura-Talla (ICT) de los alumnos y se clasificaron en sobrepeso-obesidad. Se aplicó técnica de reducción de dimensiones, generando factores que agruparon los ítems según materia y se realizó técnica multivalente para valorar la relación de dependencia entre las variables y el exceso de peso. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 421 alumnos, 28% y 35% con exceso de peso y obesidad abdominal, respectivamente El análisis factorial agrupó los ítems en 4 factores: alimentación, actividad física, tecnologías y entorno, existiendo un subapartado de percepción corporal. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales presentó un R2 de 0.440. Se obtuvo la mayor relación con el factor entorno (t 2.89), y percepción (t 14.61), seguido del uso de tecnologías. Además reveló una relación directa respecto a la alimentación y la actividad física, aunque no significativa. Conclusiones: La percepción familiar y el ambiente social-escolar influyen de forma importante en el desarrollo del EP. Las intervenciones de educación para la salud con inclusión de padres y profesores probablemente sean las estrategias más inteligentes y rentables.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2341287921001277SobrepesoObesidadAdolescentesFactores de riesgoActividad físicaAlimentación