Formation of Branched and Chained Alginate Microfibers Using Theta-Glass Capillaries

• Main Authors: Keigo Nishimura, Yuya Morimoto, Nobuhito Mori, Shoji Takeuchi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2018-06-01
• Series: Micromachines
• Subjects: microfluidics; microfiber spinning; alginate hydrogel
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/9/6/303

This study proposes a microfluidic spinning method to form alginate microfibers with branched and chained structures by controlling two streams of a sodium alginate solution extruded from a theta-glass capillary (a double-compartmented glass capillary). The two streams have three flow regimes: (i) a combined flow regime (single-threaded stream), (ii) a separated flow regime (double-threaded stream), and (iii) a chained flow regime (stream of repeating single- and double-threaded streams). The flow rate of the sodium alginate solution and the tip diameter of the theta-glass capillary are the two parameters which decide the flow regime. By controlling the two parameters, we form branched (a Y-shaped structure composed of thick parent fiber and permanently divided two thin fibers) and chained (a repeating structure of single- and double-threaded fibers with constant frequency) alginate microfibers with various dimensions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of the alginate microfibers as sacrificial templates for the formation of chain-shaped microchannels with two inlets. Such microchannels could mimic the structure of blood vessels and are applicable for the research fields of fluidics including hemodynamics.