Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access

Summary: Conscious access to sensory information is likely gated at an intermediate site between primary sensory and transmodal association cortices, but the structure responsible remains unknown. We perform functional neuroimaging to determine the neural correlates of conscious access using a volit...

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Main Authors:	Zirui Huang, Vijay Tarnal, Phillip E. Vlisides, Ellen L. Janke, Amy M. McKinney, Paul Picton, George A. Mashour, Anthony G. Hudetz
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2021-05-01
Series:	Cell Reports
Subjects:	consciousness conscious access anterior insular cortex functional hierarchy anesthesia perceptual awareness
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721004149

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record_format	Article
spelling	doaj-15f5ee6255d44db7919df87bd533de652021-05-06T04:23:09ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472021-05-01355109081Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious accessZirui Huang0Vijay Tarnal1Phillip E. Vlisides2Ellen L. Janke3Amy M. McKinney4Paul Picton5George A. Mashour6Anthony G. Hudetz7Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Corresponding authorDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Corresponding authorSummary: Conscious access to sensory information is likely gated at an intermediate site between primary sensory and transmodal association cortices, but the structure responsible remains unknown. We perform functional neuroimaging to determine the neural correlates of conscious access using a volitional mental imagery task, a report paradigm not confounded by motor behavior. Titrating propofol to loss of behavioral responsiveness in healthy volunteers creates dysfunction of the anterior insular cortex (AIC) in association with an impairment of dynamic transitions of default-mode and dorsal attention networks. Candidate subcortical regions mediating sensory gating or arousal (thalamus, basal forebrain) fail to show this association. The gating role of the AIC is consistent with findings in awake participants, whose conscious access is predicted by pre-stimulus AIC activity near perceptual threshold. These data support the hypothesis that AIC, situated at an intermediate position of the cortical hierarchy, regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721004149consciousnessconscious accessanterior insular cortexfunctional hierarchyanesthesiaperceptual awareness
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Zirui Huang Vijay Tarnal Phillip E. Vlisides Ellen L. Janke Amy M. McKinney Paul Picton George A. Mashour Anthony G. Hudetz
spellingShingle	Zirui Huang Vijay Tarnal Phillip E. Vlisides Ellen L. Janke Amy M. McKinney Paul Picton George A. Mashour Anthony G. Hudetz Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access Cell Reports consciousness conscious access anterior insular cortex functional hierarchy anesthesia perceptual awareness
author_facet	Zirui Huang Vijay Tarnal Phillip E. Vlisides Ellen L. Janke Amy M. McKinney Paul Picton George A. Mashour Anthony G. Hudetz
author_sort	Zirui Huang
title	Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
title_short	Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
title_full	Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
title_fullStr	Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
title_full_unstemmed	Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
title_sort	anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access
publisher	Elsevier
series	Cell Reports
issn	2211-1247
publishDate	2021-05-01
description	Summary: Conscious access to sensory information is likely gated at an intermediate site between primary sensory and transmodal association cortices, but the structure responsible remains unknown. We perform functional neuroimaging to determine the neural correlates of conscious access using a volitional mental imagery task, a report paradigm not confounded by motor behavior. Titrating propofol to loss of behavioral responsiveness in healthy volunteers creates dysfunction of the anterior insular cortex (AIC) in association with an impairment of dynamic transitions of default-mode and dorsal attention networks. Candidate subcortical regions mediating sensory gating or arousal (thalamus, basal forebrain) fail to show this association. The gating role of the AIC is consistent with findings in awake participants, whose conscious access is predicted by pre-stimulus AIC activity near perceptual threshold. These data support the hypothesis that AIC, situated at an intermediate position of the cortical hierarchy, regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access.
topic	consciousness conscious access anterior insular cortex functional hierarchy anesthesia perceptual awareness
url	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721004149
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Anterior insula regulates brain network transitions that gate conscious access

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