Suspected blood indicator in capsule endoscopy: a valuable tool for gastrointestinal bleeding diagnosis

• Main Authors: Pedro BOAL CARVALHO, Joana MAGALHÃES, Francisca DIAS DE CASTRO, Sara MONTEIRO, Bruno ROSA, Maria João MOREIRA, José COTTER
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Gastroenterologia (IBEPEGE)
• Series: Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
• Subjects: Endoscopia por cápsula; Intestino Delgado; Hemorragia gastrointestinal
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-28032017000100016&lng=en&tlng=en

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Small bowel bleeding is a leading indication for small bowel capsule endoscopy. The Suspected Blood Indicator (SBI) is a software feature directed to automatically detect bleeding lesions during small bowel capsule endoscopy. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess SBI diagnostic accuracy for small bowel haemorrhage or potentially bleeding lesions during small bowel capsule endoscopy for small bowel bleeding. Methods - Single-centre retrospective study including 281 consecutive small bowel capsule endoscopy performed for small bowel bleeding during 6 years. The investigators marked lesions with high bleeding potential (P2), such as angioectasias, ulcers and tumours, as well as active bleeding during regular small bowel capsule endoscopy viewing with PillCam SB2(r). All small bowel capsule endoscopy were independently reviewed by another central reader using SBI. RESULTS Among the 281 patients, 29 (10.3%) presented with active haemorrhage while 81 (28.9%) presented with a P2 lesion. The most frequently observed P2 lesions were angioectasias (52), ulcers (15), polyps (7) and ulcerated neoplasias (7). SBI showed a 96.6% (28/29) sensitivity for active small bowel bleeding, with a 97.7% negative predictive value. Regarding P2 lesions, the SBI displayed an overall sensitivity of 39.5%, being highest for ulcerated neoplasias (100%), but significantly lower for angioectasias (38.5%) or ulcers (20.0%). CONCLUSION Although SBI sensitivity for the automatic detection of potentially bleeding lesions was low, it effectively detected active small bowel bleeding with very high sensitivity and negative predictive value.