| Summary: | With the development of open science and technological innovation, using sharing data and molecular biology techniques in the study of taxonomy and systematics have become a crucial component of plants, which undoubtedly helps us discover more hidden outliers or deal with difficult taxa. In this paper, we take <i>Dennstaedtia smithii</i> as an example, based on sharing molecular database, virtual herbarium and plant photo bank, to clarify the outliers that have been hidden in <i>Dennstaedtia</i> and find the key morphological traits with consistent of molecular systematics. In molecular phylogenetic analyses, we used <i>rbcL</i>, <i>rps4</i>, <i>psbA-trnH</i> and <i>trnL-F</i> sequences from 5 new and 49 shared data; the results showed that <i>Dennstaedtia smithii</i> is nested within <i>Microlepia</i> rather than <i>Dennstaedtia</i>. We further studied the morphological characters based on the phylogeny result and found that <i>D. smithii</i> is distinguished from other species of <i>Dennstaedtia</i> by spore ornamentation and the unconnected of grooves between rachis and pinna rachis. According to morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, our results supported that <i>D. smithii</i> should be a new member of <i>Microlepia</i> and renamed <i>Microlepia smithii</i> (Hook.) Y.H. Yan. Finding hidden outliers can promote the consistency of morphological and molecular phylogenetic results, and make the systematic classification more natural.
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