| Summary: | The "Mumbai Urban Transport Project" (MUTP) is the first large-scale urban infrastructure project in Mumbai to be accompanied by a resettlement and rehabilitation policy. Indeed, this transport project, which is largely financed by the World Bank, requires the demolition of slums located on the outskirts of this large metropolis and the displacement of its inhabitants. The World Bank has imposed a number of conditionalities on the Government of Maharashtra in the implementation of the resettlement program: the specification must comply with the "involuntary displacement" policy of the international lender and NGOs must be part of the institutional and operational framework of the program. These new partners in urban governance face many challenges in management, coordination and monitoring in the operations of resettlement as well as responsibilities towards the families affected by the MUTP project. Home ownership is considered by the World Bank and authorities in Mumbai as a new option for the rehabilitation of families and a tool to minimize the consequences and risks of impoverishment due to involuntary displacement. To address the issue of resettlement, this article highlights a qualitative approach that seeks to understand the ambiguous role of NGOs and the diversity of logics and strategies of adaptation or resistance of the families towards the option of resettlement. It appears that NGOs are more concerned with meeting the requirements of the World Bank than helping families to make the transition towards new forms of housing and a new living environment.
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