The associations of incretin hormone concentration with gestational diabetes mellitus

• Main Authors: Tatiana V. Saprina, Ekaterina S. Timokhina, Olga K. Goncharevich, Svetlana V. Budeeva, Tatiana S. Prokhorenko, Lyubov A. Tashireva, Nadezhda N. Musina, Irina V. Dronova
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Endocrinology Research Centre 2016-04-01
• Series: Сахарный диабет
• Subjects: gestational diabetes mellitus; incretins; glucagon; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucagon-like peptide-2
• Online Access: https://dia-endojournals.ru/dia/article/viewFile/7026/5751

Background: Enteropancreatic hormonal system disorder is a possible reason for β-cell dysfunction and carbohydrate metabolism disorder among pregnant women. However, no information is available about the state of enteroinsulin hormones [glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2] during pregnancy. The role of enteroinsulin hormones in the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorder during pregnancy is poorly understood.  Aim: To quantify and compare incretin hormone secretion in groups of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).  Materials and methods: The study included 80 patients, 50 of whom had GDM, and the control group consisted of 30 pregnant women without GDM. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) estimation; ferritin, transferrin, basal and postprandial glucagon estimation; GLP-1 and GLP-2 estimation.  Results: Basal glucagon and GLP-1 levels were significantly higher (p 0. 05) in the group of women with GDM than in the control group. The most significant differences in GLP-1, basal and postprandial glucagon levels were observed during the first trimester of pregnancy.  Conclusion: High GLP-1 levels in the group of women with GDM may reflect a state of ‘incretin resistance’, which is similar to hyperinsulinemia in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus.