Maqâshid Revitalization in Global Era: Istidlâl Study from Text to Context
<p>The purposes of Islamic law (<em>Maqâshid</em> <em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em>) have become principal instruments for Muslim intellectual on producing or reproducing Islamic jurisprudence, to deal with everyday life of...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | Arabic |
Published: |
State College of Islamic Studies Pamekasan (STAIN Pamekasan)
2018-12-01
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Series: | Al Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://ejournal.stainpamekasan.ac.id/index.php/alihkam/article/view/1814 |
Summary: | <p>The purposes of Islamic law (<em>Maqâshid</em> <em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em>) have become principal instruments for Muslim intellectual on producing or reproducing Islamic jurisprudence, to deal with everyday life of Muslim society. The purposes of Islamic law do not only enhance Islamic jurisprudence as a tool but also a spirit. In today’s globalization, <em>maqâshid</em> signify itself as practical necessity of Islamic jurisprudence for responding or challenging realities: from the text to the context. This paper attempts to describe <em>istidl</em><em>â</em><em>l</em> (extracting process of Islamic jurisprudence) on answering complexities of social issues and scrutinizing the classification of <em>Maqâshid</em> <em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em>. This research found that <em>maqâshid</em>-based approach, that is, ingrained in the narrative of revelation, implicitly or explicitly, is needed to answer social problems. This approach could be classified as the necessary for expressing the <em>illat</em> (the underlying reason), explaining the wisdom and the purposes of <em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em>: partially or communally, generally or specifically. This approach aims to introduce new perspectives of <em>Maqâshid</em> <em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em>, such as <em>hifz al-bi’ah</em> (environmental preservation), <em>hifz al-‘alm</em> (<em>cosmic protection</em>), tolerance, human rights, and freedom, which are based on contextual relevance.<em> (Maqâshid </em><em>s</em><em>yar</em><em>î`</em><em>ah</em> merupakan instrumen yang sangat penting bagi seorang mujtahid untuk memproduksi hukum Islam sebagai solusi persoalan kehidupan sehari-hari. Tanpa memahami fikih <em>maqâshid</em>, maka ajaran Islam hanya akan terkesan sebagai piranti tanpa ruh. Maqâshid mengindikasikan urgensi pembentukan hukum Islam sebagai tantangan dan jawaban bagi era globalisasi. Karenanya penting untuk merevitalisasi peran <em>maqâshid</em> dalam kajian <em>istidl</em><em>â</em><em>l</em> hukum dari teks ke konteks. Tulisan ini akan menggali <em>istidl</em><em>â</em><em>l </em>atau proses untuk menyimpulkan dalil dari teks hukum Islam (al-Quran dan al-Sunnah) untuk menjawab persoalan-persoalan kehidupan, dan mengetahui klasifikasi dan dimensi <em>maqâshid syari</em><em>`</em><em>ah</em> dalam kerangka revitalisasi hukum Islam. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, persoalan dan tantangan kehidupan yang semakin kompleks dan berkembang, mesti bisa dijawab secara eksplisit maupun implisit melalui teks atau narasi wahyu dengan pendekatan berbasis <em>maqâshid.</em> Ia dapat diklasifikasikan dalam cakupan kepentingan yang sangat mendesak untuk menampakkan <em>illat</em>, menjelaskan hikmah dan tujuan syariah, baik secara parsial ataupun komunal, baik secara umum ataupun khusus, dalam segala sendi kehidupan dalam berbagai tema dalam hukum Islam. Sehingga timbul varian baru dalam koridor maqâshid yang bertajuk <em>hifdz</em><em> al-</em><em>bi</em><em>’</em><em>ah, hifdz </em><em>al-`</em><em>alam, </em>toleransi, HAM, dan kebebasan, yang berpijak pada maslahah yang bersifat kontekstual)</p> |
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ISSN: | 1907-591X 2442-3084 |