Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress
Drought is a serious outcome of climate change reducing the productivity of forage species under arid and semi-arid conditions worldwide. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), a novel plant growth regulator, has proven to be involved in the amelioration of critical physiological functions in many agr...
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doaj-1332b13d170b4a3d90b7241124793b0c2021-07-29T09:46:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-07-011210.3389/fpls.2021.709187709187Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought StressMuhammad Jawad Hassan0Wan Geng1Weihang Zeng2Muhammad Ali Raza3Imran Khan4Muhammad Zafar Iqbal5Yan Peng6Yongqun Zhu7Zhou Li8College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaDrought is a serious outcome of climate change reducing the productivity of forage species under arid and semi-arid conditions worldwide. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), a novel plant growth regulator, has proven to be involved in the amelioration of critical physiological functions in many agricultural crops under various abiotic stresses, but the role of the DA-6 in improving seed germination has never been investigated under drought stress. The present study was carried out to elucidate the impact of the DA-6 priming on seeds germination of white clover under drought stress. Results showed that seed priming with the DA-6 significantly mitigated the drought-induced reduction in germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, and fresh weight after 7 days of seed germination. The DA-6 significantly increased the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin content with marked reduction in abscisic acid content in seedlings under drought stress. In addition, the DA-6 significantly accelerated starch catabolism by enhancing the activities of hydrolases contributing toward enhanced soluble sugars, proline content and ameliorated the antioxidant defense system to enhance the ability of reactive oxygen species scavenging under drought stress. Furthermore, exogenous DA-6 application significantly increased dehydrins accumulation and upregulated transcript levels of genes encoding dehydrins (SK2, Y2SK, or DHNb) during seeds germination under water deficient condition. These findings suggested that the DA-6 mediated seeds germination and drought tolerance associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones resulting in increased starch degradation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidants activity, and dehydrins accumulation during seed germination under water deficient condition.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.709187/fulldroughtantioxidantsosmotic adjustmenthormonal regulationdehydrin accumulationoxidative damage |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Muhammad Jawad Hassan Wan Geng Weihang Zeng Muhammad Ali Raza Imran Khan Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Yan Peng Yongqun Zhu Zhou Li |
spellingShingle |
Muhammad Jawad Hassan Wan Geng Weihang Zeng Muhammad Ali Raza Imran Khan Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Yan Peng Yongqun Zhu Zhou Li Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress Frontiers in Plant Science drought antioxidants osmotic adjustment hormonal regulation dehydrin accumulation oxidative damage |
author_facet |
Muhammad Jawad Hassan Wan Geng Weihang Zeng Muhammad Ali Raza Imran Khan Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Yan Peng Yongqun Zhu Zhou Li |
author_sort |
Muhammad Jawad Hassan |
title |
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress |
title_short |
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress |
title_full |
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress |
title_fullStr |
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress |
title_sort |
diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate priming ameliorates seed germination via involvement in hormonal changes, osmotic adjustment, and dehydrins accumulation in white clover under drought stress |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Drought is a serious outcome of climate change reducing the productivity of forage species under arid and semi-arid conditions worldwide. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), a novel plant growth regulator, has proven to be involved in the amelioration of critical physiological functions in many agricultural crops under various abiotic stresses, but the role of the DA-6 in improving seed germination has never been investigated under drought stress. The present study was carried out to elucidate the impact of the DA-6 priming on seeds germination of white clover under drought stress. Results showed that seed priming with the DA-6 significantly mitigated the drought-induced reduction in germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, and fresh weight after 7 days of seed germination. The DA-6 significantly increased the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin content with marked reduction in abscisic acid content in seedlings under drought stress. In addition, the DA-6 significantly accelerated starch catabolism by enhancing the activities of hydrolases contributing toward enhanced soluble sugars, proline content and ameliorated the antioxidant defense system to enhance the ability of reactive oxygen species scavenging under drought stress. Furthermore, exogenous DA-6 application significantly increased dehydrins accumulation and upregulated transcript levels of genes encoding dehydrins (SK2, Y2SK, or DHNb) during seeds germination under water deficient condition. These findings suggested that the DA-6 mediated seeds germination and drought tolerance associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones resulting in increased starch degradation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidants activity, and dehydrins accumulation during seed germination under water deficient condition. |
topic |
drought antioxidants osmotic adjustment hormonal regulation dehydrin accumulation oxidative damage |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.709187/full |
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