Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility

Abstract The effect of fluid flow on crystal nucleation in supercooled liquids is not well understood. The variable density and temperature gradients in the liquid make it difficult to study this under terrestrial gravity conditions. Nucleation experiments were therefore made in a microgravity envir...

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Main Authors:	A. K. Gangopadhyay, M. E. Sellers, G. P. Bracker, D. Holland-Moritz, D. C. Van Hoesen, S. Koch, P. K. Galenko, A. K. Pauls, R. W. Hyers, K. F. Kelton
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2021-08-01
Series:	npj Microgravity
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-021-00161-9

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spelling	doaj-0f3dec0ebc114b6a97a084f8da82bd0f2021-08-08T11:32:11ZengNature Publishing Groupnpj Microgravity2373-80652021-08-01711610.1038/s41526-021-00161-9Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facilityA. K. Gangopadhyay0M. E. Sellers1G. P. Bracker2D. Holland-Moritz3D. C. Van Hoesen4S. Koch5P. K. Galenko6A. K. Pauls7R. W. Hyers8K. F. Kelton9Department of Physics and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisDepartment of Physics and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of MassachusettsInstitut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)Department of Physics and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisOtto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich Schiller Universität JenaOtto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich Schiller Universität JenaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of MassachusettsDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of MassachusettsDepartment of Physics and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisAbstract The effect of fluid flow on crystal nucleation in supercooled liquids is not well understood. The variable density and temperature gradients in the liquid make it difficult to study this under terrestrial gravity conditions. Nucleation experiments were therefore made in a microgravity environment using the Electromagnetic Levitation Facility on the International Space Station on a bulk glass-forming Zr57Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10Nb5 (Vit106), as well as Cu50Zr50 and the quasicrystal-forming Ti39.5Zr39.5Ni21 liquids. The maximum supercooling temperatures for each alloy were measured as a function of controlled stirring by applying various combinations of radio-frequency positioner and heater voltages to the water-cooled copper coils. The flow patterns were simulated from the known parameters for the coil and the levitated samples. The maximum nucleation temperatures increased systematically with increased fluid flow in the liquids for Vit106, but stayed nearly unchanged for the other two. These results are consistent with the predictions from the Coupled-Flux model for nucleation.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-021-00161-9
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	A. K. Gangopadhyay M. E. Sellers G. P. Bracker D. Holland-Moritz D. C. Van Hoesen S. Koch P. K. Galenko A. K. Pauls R. W. Hyers K. F. Kelton
spellingShingle	A. K. Gangopadhyay M. E. Sellers G. P. Bracker D. Holland-Moritz D. C. Van Hoesen S. Koch P. K. Galenko A. K. Pauls R. W. Hyers K. F. Kelton Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility npj Microgravity
author_facet	A. K. Gangopadhyay M. E. Sellers G. P. Bracker D. Holland-Moritz D. C. Van Hoesen S. Koch P. K. Galenko A. K. Pauls R. W. Hyers K. F. Kelton
author_sort	A. K. Gangopadhyay
title	Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility
title_short	Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility
title_full	Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility
title_fullStr	Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility
title_full_unstemmed	Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility
title_sort	demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the international space station using the iss-eml facility
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
series	npj Microgravity
issn	2373-8065
publishDate	2021-08-01
description	Abstract The effect of fluid flow on crystal nucleation in supercooled liquids is not well understood. The variable density and temperature gradients in the liquid make it difficult to study this under terrestrial gravity conditions. Nucleation experiments were therefore made in a microgravity environment using the Electromagnetic Levitation Facility on the International Space Station on a bulk glass-forming Zr57Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10Nb5 (Vit106), as well as Cu50Zr50 and the quasicrystal-forming Ti39.5Zr39.5Ni21 liquids. The maximum supercooling temperatures for each alloy were measured as a function of controlled stirring by applying various combinations of radio-frequency positioner and heater voltages to the water-cooled copper coils. The flow patterns were simulated from the known parameters for the coil and the levitated samples. The maximum nucleation temperatures increased systematically with increased fluid flow in the liquids for Vit106, but stayed nearly unchanged for the other two. These results are consistent with the predictions from the Coupled-Flux model for nucleation.
url	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-021-00161-9
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Demonstration of the effect of stirring on nucleation from experiments on the International Space Station using the ISS-EML facility

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