Antioxidant enzymes as potential targets in cardioprotection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Enzyme antioxidants: the next stage of pharmacological counterwork to the oxidative stress

• Main Authors: Alexander V. Vavaev, Alexander V. Maksimenko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Touch Medical Media 2012-02-01
• Series: Heart International
• Subjects: reactive oxygen species, enzyme antioxidants, oxidative stress, cardiovascular diseases, vascular wall injury, endothelial glycocalyx, extracellular superoxide dismutase, catalase, novel bienzyme superoxide dismutase - chondroitin sulphate - catalase conj
• Online Access: http://www.pagepress.org/journals/index.php/hi/article/view/2820

The focus in antioxidant research is on enzyme derivative investigations. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is of particular interest, as it demonstrates in vivo the protective action against development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus. The reliable association of coronary artery disease with decreased level of heparin-released EC-SOD was established in clinical research. To create a base for and to develop antioxidant therapy, various SOD isozymes, catalase (CAT), methods of gene therapy, and combined applications of enzymes are used. Covalent bienzyme SOD-CHS-CAT conjugate (CHS, chondroitin sulphate) showed high efficacy and safety as the drug candidate. There is an evident trend to use the components of glycocalyx and extracellular matrix for target delivery of medical substances. Development of new enzyme antioxidants for therapeutic application is closely connected with progress in medical biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry, and bioeconomy.