Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Traumatic stress exposure during critical periods of development may have essential and long-lasting effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Two thirds of youth are exposed to potentially traumatic experiences by the age of 17, and approximately 5% of adolescents meet lifetime crit...
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/3/169 |
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doaj-0ebf072fb7934b0ba2043eb329f1b48f2020-11-25T01:29:02ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-03-0110316910.3390/brainsci10030169brainsci10030169Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress DisorderPanagiota Pervanidou0Gerasimos Makris1George Chrousos2Agorastos Agorastos3Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, GreeceUnit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, GreeceUnit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceTraumatic stress exposure during critical periods of development may have essential and long-lasting effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Two thirds of youth are exposed to potentially traumatic experiences by the age of 17, and approximately 5% of adolescents meet lifetime criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The role of the stress system is the maintenance of homeostasis in the presence of real/perceived and acute/chronic stressors. Early-life stress (ELS) has an impact on neuronal brain networks involved in stress reactions, and could exert a programming effect on glucocorticoid signaling. Studies on pediatric PTSD reveal diverse neuroendocrine responses to adverse events and related long-term neuroendocrine and epigenetic alterations. Neuroendocrine, neuroimaging, and genetic studies in children with PTSD and ELS experiences are crucial in understanding risk and resilience factors, and also the natural history of PTSD.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/3/169childrenadolescentsearly life stressposttraumatic stress disordercortisolcatecholaminesstresshpa axisautonomic nervous system |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Panagiota Pervanidou Gerasimos Makris George Chrousos Agorastos Agorastos |
| spellingShingle |
Panagiota Pervanidou Gerasimos Makris George Chrousos Agorastos Agorastos Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Brain Sciences children adolescents early life stress posttraumatic stress disorder cortisol catecholamines stress hpa axis autonomic nervous system |
| author_facet |
Panagiota Pervanidou Gerasimos Makris George Chrousos Agorastos Agorastos |
| author_sort |
Panagiota Pervanidou |
| title |
Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
| title_short |
Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
| title_full |
Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
| title_fullStr |
Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
| title_sort |
early life stress and pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
Brain Sciences |
| issn |
2076-3425 |
| publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
| description |
Traumatic stress exposure during critical periods of development may have essential and long-lasting effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Two thirds of youth are exposed to potentially traumatic experiences by the age of 17, and approximately 5% of adolescents meet lifetime criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The role of the stress system is the maintenance of homeostasis in the presence of real/perceived and acute/chronic stressors. Early-life stress (ELS) has an impact on neuronal brain networks involved in stress reactions, and could exert a programming effect on glucocorticoid signaling. Studies on pediatric PTSD reveal diverse neuroendocrine responses to adverse events and related long-term neuroendocrine and epigenetic alterations. Neuroendocrine, neuroimaging, and genetic studies in children with PTSD and ELS experiences are crucial in understanding risk and resilience factors, and also the natural history of PTSD. |
| topic |
children adolescents early life stress posttraumatic stress disorder cortisol catecholamines stress hpa axis autonomic nervous system |
| url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/3/169 |
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