Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report

When a patient with malignant lymphoma develops new lymph node enlargement, a recurrence of lymphoma is usually suspected first. However, painless and rapid lymph node enlargement, a manifestation of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, could also be due to other causes. A 3-year-old boy who was previously diagn...

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Main Authors: Sae-Mee Park, Young Bae Choi, Joon Kee Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology 2021-04-01
Series:Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2021.28.1.58
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spelling doaj-0e8960d0d38d43e1ab4af43809dc51212021-04-30T08:18:43ZengThe Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-OncologyClinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology2233-52502021-04-01281586210.15264/cpho.2021.28.1.58cpho.2021.28.1.58Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case ReportSae-Mee Park0Young Bae Choi1Joon Kee Lee2Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, KoreaWhen a patient with malignant lymphoma develops new lymph node enlargement, a recurrence of lymphoma is usually suspected first. However, painless and rapid lymph node enlargement, a manifestation of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, could also be due to other causes. A 3-year-old boy who was previously diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma was admitted for routine tumor evaluation one year following completion of treatment. Abdominal computed tomography showed several enlarged lymph nodes in the right lower quadrant, and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography revealed hypermetabolic enlarged lymph nodes in the corresponding lesion. The patient underwent ileocecal lymph node biopsy for pathologic confirmation, which revealed reactive hyperplasia without lymphoma recurrence. Serologic test results for cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M were positive. Additionally, the polymerase chain reaction test performed using a urine sample was positive for cytomegalovirus. After several outpatient follow-ups, we concluded cytomegalovirus infection that mimicked a recurrence of lymphoma on imaging as the cause for lymph node enlargements. This case highlights the importance of using prompt and multiple approaches after detecting a possible tumor recurrence through imaging studies.https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2021.28.1.58burkitt lymphomacytomegalovirusdiagnostic imagingneoplasm recurrenceviral infections
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Sae-Mee Park
Young Bae Choi
Joon Kee Lee
spellingShingle Sae-Mee Park
Young Bae Choi
Joon Kee Lee
Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
burkitt lymphoma
cytomegalovirus
diagnostic imaging
neoplasm recurrence
viral infections
author_facet Sae-Mee Park
Young Bae Choi
Joon Kee Lee
author_sort Sae-Mee Park
title Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
title_short Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
title_full Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
title_fullStr Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma: A Case Report
title_sort cytomegalovirus infection mimicking recurrence of malignant lymphoma: a case report
publisher The Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
series Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
issn 2233-5250
publishDate 2021-04-01
description When a patient with malignant lymphoma develops new lymph node enlargement, a recurrence of lymphoma is usually suspected first. However, painless and rapid lymph node enlargement, a manifestation of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, could also be due to other causes. A 3-year-old boy who was previously diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma was admitted for routine tumor evaluation one year following completion of treatment. Abdominal computed tomography showed several enlarged lymph nodes in the right lower quadrant, and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography revealed hypermetabolic enlarged lymph nodes in the corresponding lesion. The patient underwent ileocecal lymph node biopsy for pathologic confirmation, which revealed reactive hyperplasia without lymphoma recurrence. Serologic test results for cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M were positive. Additionally, the polymerase chain reaction test performed using a urine sample was positive for cytomegalovirus. After several outpatient follow-ups, we concluded cytomegalovirus infection that mimicked a recurrence of lymphoma on imaging as the cause for lymph node enlargements. This case highlights the importance of using prompt and multiple approaches after detecting a possible tumor recurrence through imaging studies.
topic burkitt lymphoma
cytomegalovirus
diagnostic imaging
neoplasm recurrence
viral infections
url https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2021.28.1.58
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