Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with earth-abundant carbon as an effective replacer for unstable hole-transporting materials and expensive electrodes is a recently proposed structure promising better air and moisture stability. In this review paper, we report on the latest advances and state of the ar...

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Main Authors: Maria Bidikoudi, Carmen Simal, Elias Stathatos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-05-01
Series:Electronics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/10/1145
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spelling doaj-0ded26ba134a4744a103fe25df79f5222021-05-31T23:46:25ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922021-05-01101145114510.3390/electronics10101145Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A ReviewMaria Bidikoudi0Carmen Simal1Elias Stathatos2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, 26334 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, 26334 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, 26334 Patras, GreecePerovskite solar cells (PSCs) with earth-abundant carbon as an effective replacer for unstable hole-transporting materials and expensive electrodes is a recently proposed structure promising better air and moisture stability. In this review paper, we report on the latest advances and state of the art of Pb-free and low-Pb-content perovskites, used as absorbers in carbon-based perovskite solar cells. The focus is on the implementation of these, environmentally friendly and non-toxic, structures in PSCs with a carbon electrode as a replacement of the noble metal electrode typically used (C-PSCs). The motivation for this study has been the great potential that C-PSCs have shown for the leap towards the commercialization of PSCs. Some of their outstanding properties include low cost, high-stability, ambient processability and compatibility with most up-scaling methods (e.g., printing). By surpassing the key obstacle of toxicity, caused by the Pb content of the highest-performing perovskites, and by combining the advantages of C-PSCs with the Pb-free perovskites low toxicity, this technology will move one step further; this review summarizes the most promising routes that have been reported so far towards that direction.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/10/1145lead-free perovskitescarbon electrodeperovskite solar cellsHTL-freelow Pb contentenvironmentally friendly perovskites
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Maria Bidikoudi
Carmen Simal
Elias Stathatos
spellingShingle Maria Bidikoudi
Carmen Simal
Elias Stathatos
Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
Electronics
lead-free perovskites
carbon electrode
perovskite solar cells
HTL-free
low Pb content
environmentally friendly perovskites
author_facet Maria Bidikoudi
Carmen Simal
Elias Stathatos
author_sort Maria Bidikoudi
title Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
title_short Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
title_full Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
title_fullStr Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
title_full_unstemmed Low-Toxicity Perovskite Applications in Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells—A Review
title_sort low-toxicity perovskite applications in carbon electrode perovskite solar cells—a review
publisher MDPI AG
series Electronics
issn 2079-9292
publishDate 2021-05-01
description Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with earth-abundant carbon as an effective replacer for unstable hole-transporting materials and expensive electrodes is a recently proposed structure promising better air and moisture stability. In this review paper, we report on the latest advances and state of the art of Pb-free and low-Pb-content perovskites, used as absorbers in carbon-based perovskite solar cells. The focus is on the implementation of these, environmentally friendly and non-toxic, structures in PSCs with a carbon electrode as a replacement of the noble metal electrode typically used (C-PSCs). The motivation for this study has been the great potential that C-PSCs have shown for the leap towards the commercialization of PSCs. Some of their outstanding properties include low cost, high-stability, ambient processability and compatibility with most up-scaling methods (e.g., printing). By surpassing the key obstacle of toxicity, caused by the Pb content of the highest-performing perovskites, and by combining the advantages of C-PSCs with the Pb-free perovskites low toxicity, this technology will move one step further; this review summarizes the most promising routes that have been reported so far towards that direction.
topic lead-free perovskites
carbon electrode
perovskite solar cells
HTL-free
low Pb content
environmentally friendly perovskites
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/10/1145
work_keys_str_mv AT mariabidikoudi lowtoxicityperovskiteapplicationsincarbonelectrodeperovskitesolarcellsareview
AT carmensimal lowtoxicityperovskiteapplicationsincarbonelectrodeperovskitesolarcellsareview
AT eliasstathatos lowtoxicityperovskiteapplicationsincarbonelectrodeperovskitesolarcellsareview
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