FEATURES OF INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY IN PRETERM INFANTS WITH HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Main Authors: L. S. Ust’janceva, G. N. Chistjakova, I. I. Remizova, S. Yu. Zaharova, K. P. Shamova, S. V. Bychkova
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation” 2017-06-01
• Series: Rossijskij Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii
• Subjects: premature infants; immunological parameters; umbilical cord blood; hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system
• Online Access: https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/500

For abstract to evaluate the clinical adaptation and immunological parameters in infants with severe hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, we examined small premature, extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with gestational age (GA) of 24 to 27,6 and infants with gestational age of 28 to 31 weeks (group 1, n=26 and group 2, n=16). The control group consisted of 15 full-term babies with uncomplicated early period of adaptation, born from apparently healthy women. The immune system of preterm infants at birth, regardless of their gestational age and birth weight, is characterized by decrease of the absolute number of white blood cells, increase of the percentage of lymphocytes and the number of NK-cells, as well as the prevalence of Th1-dependent immune response (increased level of γ-interferon against decrease in levels of interleukine – 1β and interleukine – 4). A specific feature of the immune response of extremely low birth weight infants is abnormal interaction between innate immunity cells and adaptive immunity cells, which is manifested in reduction of the percentage of regulatory CD4+ cells associated with inhibition of the functional activity of T-cells (CD4+CD25+) and monocytes (CD14+HLA-DR+). The decrease in the number of circulating ferritin levels indicates a predisposition of extremely premature infants to viral and bacterial infections.