Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade

In agriculture, seed mass is one of the most important components related to seed yield. MINISEED3 (MINI3) which encodes the transcriptional activator WRKY10, is thought to be a pivotal regulator of seed mass. In Arabidopsis SHORT HYPOCOTYL UNDER BLUE1 (SHB1) associates with the promoter of MINI3, r...

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Main Authors: Lai-Sheng Meng, yi-bo wang, Gary John Loake, ji-hong jiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Plant Science
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2016.01645/full
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spelling doaj-0d4f0105723044fe8a498bc4bd7be70c2020-11-24T23:30:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2016-11-01710.3389/fpls.2016.01645218960Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene CascadeLai-Sheng Meng0yi-bo wang1Gary John Loake2ji-hong jiang3teacherteacherteacherteacherIn agriculture, seed mass is one of the most important components related to seed yield. MINISEED3 (MINI3) which encodes the transcriptional activator WRKY10, is thought to be a pivotal regulator of seed mass. In Arabidopsis SHORT HYPOCOTYL UNDER BLUE1 (SHB1) associates with the promoter of MINI3, regulating embryo cell proliferation (both cell division and elongation), which, in turn, modulates seed mass. Furthermore, the recruitment of SHB1 via MINI3 to both its cognate promoter and that of IKU2 implies a two-step amplification for countering the low expression level of IKU2, which is thought to function as a molecular switch for seed cavity enlargement. However, it is largely unknown how embryo cell proliferation, which encompasses both cell division and elongation, is regulated by SHB1 and MINI3 function. Here, we show that a loss of function mutation within the transcriptional coactivator ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3), increases seed mass. Further, AN3 associates with the MINI3 promoter in vivo. Genetic evidence indicates that the absence of MINI3 function suppresses the decrease of cell number observed in an3-4 mutants by regulating cell division and in turn inhibits increased cell size of the an3-4 line by controlling cell elongation. Thus, seed embryo development is modulated via an AN3-MINI3 gene cascade. This regulatory model provides a deeper understanding of seed mass regulation, which may in turn lead to increased crop yields.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2016.01645/fullArabidopsis.seed massMINISEED3 (MINI3)Key words: ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3)embryo cell elongationembryo cell division
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lai-Sheng Meng
yi-bo wang
Gary John Loake
ji-hong jiang
spellingShingle Lai-Sheng Meng
yi-bo wang
Gary John Loake
ji-hong jiang
Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
Frontiers in Plant Science
Arabidopsis.
seed mass
MINISEED3 (MINI3)
Key words: ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3)
embryo cell elongation
embryo cell division
author_facet Lai-Sheng Meng
yi-bo wang
Gary John Loake
ji-hong jiang
author_sort Lai-Sheng Meng
title Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
title_short Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
title_full Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
title_fullStr Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
title_full_unstemmed Seed Embryo Development is Regulated via an AN3-MINI3 Gene Cascade
title_sort seed embryo development is regulated via an an3-mini3 gene cascade
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Plant Science
issn 1664-462X
publishDate 2016-11-01
description In agriculture, seed mass is one of the most important components related to seed yield. MINISEED3 (MINI3) which encodes the transcriptional activator WRKY10, is thought to be a pivotal regulator of seed mass. In Arabidopsis SHORT HYPOCOTYL UNDER BLUE1 (SHB1) associates with the promoter of MINI3, regulating embryo cell proliferation (both cell division and elongation), which, in turn, modulates seed mass. Furthermore, the recruitment of SHB1 via MINI3 to both its cognate promoter and that of IKU2 implies a two-step amplification for countering the low expression level of IKU2, which is thought to function as a molecular switch for seed cavity enlargement. However, it is largely unknown how embryo cell proliferation, which encompasses both cell division and elongation, is regulated by SHB1 and MINI3 function. Here, we show that a loss of function mutation within the transcriptional coactivator ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3), increases seed mass. Further, AN3 associates with the MINI3 promoter in vivo. Genetic evidence indicates that the absence of MINI3 function suppresses the decrease of cell number observed in an3-4 mutants by regulating cell division and in turn inhibits increased cell size of the an3-4 line by controlling cell elongation. Thus, seed embryo development is modulated via an AN3-MINI3 gene cascade. This regulatory model provides a deeper understanding of seed mass regulation, which may in turn lead to increased crop yields.
topic Arabidopsis.
seed mass
MINISEED3 (MINI3)
Key words: ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3)
embryo cell elongation
embryo cell division
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2016.01645/full
work_keys_str_mv AT laishengmeng seedembryodevelopmentisregulatedviaanan3mini3genecascade
AT yibowang seedembryodevelopmentisregulatedviaanan3mini3genecascade
AT garyjohnloake seedembryodevelopmentisregulatedviaanan3mini3genecascade
AT jihongjiang seedembryodevelopmentisregulatedviaanan3mini3genecascade
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