Irrigation facilities for drip irrigation of soil in inter-rows of wood and fruit plants

• Main Authors: A. S. Shtanko, V. N. Shkura
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems 2021-02-01
• Series: Научный журнал Российского НИИ проблем мелиорации
• Subjects: fruit garden; drip irrigation; irrigation network; irrigation facility; drip console; root inhabited soil space
• Online Access: http://www.rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=1180

Purpose: technical support for drip irrigation of the inter-row root-inhabited soil space in fruit garden plantations. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the irrigation network of perennial tree-fruit orchard plantations. During the research, analysis and variant comparison were carried out, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the structures under consideration. When improving the design of the drip irrigation facility, the methods of exploratory design were used. Results. During the research, the experience of operating the drip irrigation systems of perennial orchards was generalized and the basic requirements for the drip irrigation network in perennial orchards were formed. As an object for further research, partially satisfying these requirements, a constructive diagram of a drip irrigation facility for moistening the soil in the inter-row root-inhabited soil space of tree-fruit orchard plantations, given in RU Patent no. 2713136, was adopted. The disadvantage of this design of a drip irrigation facility is low reliability of the elastic coupling, which should be deformed when the position of the drip console changes, have the necessary rigidity to lift the drip console from the working position to the idle position, and be a sealed conduit connecting the drip console and the tee. As a result of the research, an improved design of the irrigation structure has been proposed, which does not include deformable elements. Conclusions. The proposed design scheme of a drip irrigation facility for perennial fruit plantations meets the requirements of manufacturability, has the ability to automatically operate in the irrigation mode and in the inter-irrigation period, and provides irrigation water supply to certain points of the location of the developed root system of perennial plants, including the inter-row root-inhabited soil space.