| Summary: | Objective: To review the scientific evidence on the use of immunonutrients in septic patients. Data
source: The bibliographic searches were conducted in Pubmed, Scielo, Bireme and Scopus with
time frame of the past five years in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Data synthesis: After the
analysis of the studies, neither enteral or parenteral glutamine should be used in critically ill
patients, except for burn patients. Regarding arginine there is no prospective, randomized
controlled published trial using arginine as a single agent in sepsis the past five years. In the case
of Omega 3, most studies have evaluated its effect associated with antioxidants, so it is not
possible to establish a specific indication of the nutrient. The same is true with supplementation of
vitamins associated with selenium. Conclusions: There was no consensus on the immunonutrients
recommendation among the analyzed articles. Further studies are needed to define dose, route of
administration and the ideal time for the administration of each immunomodulator in subgroups
of septic critically ill patients.
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