Iodine deficiency thyroid disease in the Russian Federation: the current state of the problem. Аnalytical review of publications and data of official state statistics (Rosstat)

• Main Authors: Galina A. Melnichenko, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Nadegda M. Platonova, Elena A. Panfilova, Anastasia A. Rybakova, Fatima M. Abdulkhabirova, Fatima A. Bostanova
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: ZAO "Consilium Medicum" 2019-04-01
• Series: Consilium Medicum
• Subjects: iodine deficiency disorders; thyroid gland; goiter; epidemiology; prevention
• Online Access: http://consilium.orscience.ru/en/archive/2019/vol-21-4-2019/iodine-deficiency-thyroid-disease-in-the-russian-federation-the-current-state-of-the-problem-analyti_5455/?element
• ISSN: 2075-1753; 2542-2170

Russian Federation refers to countries with proven natural iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency disorders are pathological conditions that develop because of iodine deficiency in the diet, which can be prevented by normalization of its intake. Many counties of the world achieved significant decline in the incidence of thyropathies, associated with iodine deficiency, through the legislative of universal salt iodization, but in Russian Federation, this problem remains relevant. The aim of this review was to complain epidemiological characteristics of iodine deficiency-associated thyropathies in various regions of Russia, based on the analysis of the latest publications on this topic and the data provided by official statistics (Rosstat); we formulated conclusions. In Russia again registered an increase in the frequency of cretinism (severe mental retardation), associated with severe intrauterine iodine deficiency. Calculations show that about 1.5 million people in Russia may have mental retardation and related disability due to iodine deficiency in diet. Thus, the relevance and consequences of the iodine deficiency problem are obvious.