Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale

Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale

A predatory insect, Chrysopa sinica Tiedet (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and its taxis behavior were investigated in a tritrophic system that included a herbivore, Ceroplastes japonicus Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and a host plant, persimmon tree, Diospyros kaki L. (Ebenaceae). The results showed that...

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Main Authors: Yanfeng Zhang, Yingping Xie, Jiaoliang Xue, Xingen Yang, Sha Gong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2012-01-01
Series:International Journal of Ecology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/653869
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spelling doaj-0ad22157bc344719bf51059ef69d70072020-11-25T00:02:01ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Ecology1687-97081687-97162012-01-01201210.1155/2012/653869653869Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax ScaleYanfeng Zhang0Yingping Xie1Jiaoliang Xue2Xingen Yang3Sha Gong4College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaA predatory insect, Chrysopa sinica Tiedet (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and its taxis behavior were investigated in a tritrophic system that included a herbivore, Ceroplastes japonicus Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and a host plant, persimmon tree, Diospyros kaki L. (Ebenaceae). The results showed that this predator was attracted to the volatile compounds of persimmon trees that were infested with C. japonicus; however, the attraction varied with the growth season of the trees and the development stage of the wax scale. The strongest attraction occurred in the autumn and not in the late spring or summer. For the four time periods considered throughout the day, the most significant attraction rates were found at midnight and the early afternoon. The results indicated that the transformation of the chemical compositions of the volatiles of the persimmon tree might drive the taxis response of the predator in the three studied seasons. We mainly found differences in terpenoid emissions and propose that these compounds play a key part in the observed differences in attractiveness.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/653869
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yanfeng Zhang
Yingping Xie
Jiaoliang Xue
Xingen Yang
Sha Gong
spellingShingle Yanfeng Zhang
Yingping Xie
Jiaoliang Xue
Xingen Yang
Sha Gong
Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
International Journal of Ecology
author_facet Yanfeng Zhang
Yingping Xie
Jiaoliang Xue
Xingen Yang
Sha Gong
author_sort Yanfeng Zhang
title Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
title_short Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
title_full Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
title_fullStr Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
title_full_unstemmed Response of a Predatory Insect, Chrysopa sinica, toward the Volatiles of Persimmon Trees Infested with the Herbivore, Japanese Wax Scale
title_sort response of a predatory insect, chrysopa sinica, toward the volatiles of persimmon trees infested with the herbivore, japanese wax scale
publisher Hindawi Limited
series International Journal of Ecology
issn 1687-9708
1687-9716
publishDate 2012-01-01
description A predatory insect, Chrysopa sinica Tiedet (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and its taxis behavior were investigated in a tritrophic system that included a herbivore, Ceroplastes japonicus Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and a host plant, persimmon tree, Diospyros kaki L. (Ebenaceae). The results showed that this predator was attracted to the volatile compounds of persimmon trees that were infested with C. japonicus; however, the attraction varied with the growth season of the trees and the development stage of the wax scale. The strongest attraction occurred in the autumn and not in the late spring or summer. For the four time periods considered throughout the day, the most significant attraction rates were found at midnight and the early afternoon. The results indicated that the transformation of the chemical compositions of the volatiles of the persimmon tree might drive the taxis response of the predator in the three studied seasons. We mainly found differences in terpenoid emissions and propose that these compounds play a key part in the observed differences in attractiveness.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/653869
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