Obesity and cancer

For the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recentl...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Franjo Cmrečak, Iva Andrašek, Višnja Gregov, Lidija Beketić-Orešković
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University Hospital for Tumors 2020-01-01
Series:Libri Oncologici
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258
id doaj-086c3c6decef450da90b9b146886e57b
record_format Article
spelling doaj-086c3c6decef450da90b9b146886e57b2021-01-22T09:09:05ZengUniversity Hospital for TumorsLibri Oncologici0300-81422584-38262020-01-01482-389102Obesity and cancerFranjo Cmrečak0Iva Andrašek1Višnja Gregov2Lidija Beketić-Orešković3Division of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaFor the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recently. According to the epidemiological data analysis, the connection between obesity and increased risk of numerous cancers has been established. Estimations are that a change in lifestyle and diet can prevent 30-50% of malignant diseases. After smoking, obesity is the second largest preventable cause of cancer. Obesity affects the quality of life and increases the risk of cancer recurrence and cancer-related mortality. By reducing body mass and avoiding gaining weight during adulthood, the risk of getting cancer is lowered. Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of physical activity during and after cancer treatment. Obesity influences cancer development; however, the mechanisms responsible for it are still unclear. It is considered that chronic inflammation, caused by the overabundance of nutrients, increases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. It has been discovered that adipocytes have an important endocrine role; they synthesize numerous hormones and adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. High levels of leptons and low levels of adiponectin can activate intracellular signaling pathways involving malignant cells’ development. An important part of cancer development can be attributed to insulin metabolism, insulin-like growth factors, and sex hormones.https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258obesitycancermechanisms
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Franjo Cmrečak
Iva Andrašek
Višnja Gregov
Lidija Beketić-Orešković
spellingShingle Franjo Cmrečak
Iva Andrašek
Višnja Gregov
Lidija Beketić-Orešković
Obesity and cancer
Libri Oncologici
obesity
cancer
mechanisms
author_facet Franjo Cmrečak
Iva Andrašek
Višnja Gregov
Lidija Beketić-Orešković
author_sort Franjo Cmrečak
title Obesity and cancer
title_short Obesity and cancer
title_full Obesity and cancer
title_fullStr Obesity and cancer
title_full_unstemmed Obesity and cancer
title_sort obesity and cancer
publisher University Hospital for Tumors
series Libri Oncologici
issn 0300-8142
2584-3826
publishDate 2020-01-01
description For the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recently. According to the epidemiological data analysis, the connection between obesity and increased risk of numerous cancers has been established. Estimations are that a change in lifestyle and diet can prevent 30-50% of malignant diseases. After smoking, obesity is the second largest preventable cause of cancer. Obesity affects the quality of life and increases the risk of cancer recurrence and cancer-related mortality. By reducing body mass and avoiding gaining weight during adulthood, the risk of getting cancer is lowered. Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of physical activity during and after cancer treatment. Obesity influences cancer development; however, the mechanisms responsible for it are still unclear. It is considered that chronic inflammation, caused by the overabundance of nutrients, increases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. It has been discovered that adipocytes have an important endocrine role; they synthesize numerous hormones and adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. High levels of leptons and low levels of adiponectin can activate intracellular signaling pathways involving malignant cells’ development. An important part of cancer development can be attributed to insulin metabolism, insulin-like growth factors, and sex hormones.
topic obesity
cancer
mechanisms
url https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258
work_keys_str_mv AT franjocmrecak obesityandcancer
AT ivaandrasek obesityandcancer
AT visnjagregov obesityandcancer
AT lidijabeketicoreskovic obesityandcancer
_version_ 1724328247836016640