Interacting effects of insect and ungulate herbivory on Scots pine growth

Abstract Most plants are subjected to damage from multiple species of herbivores, and the combined impact on plant growth can be non-additive. Since plant response to herbivores tends to be species specific, and change with repeated damage, the outcome likely depend on the sequence and number of att...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michelle Nordkvist, Maartje J. Klapwijk, La rs Edenius, Christer Björkman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2020-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79346-3