Comparison of virological methods applied on african swine fever diagnosis in Brazil, 1978

• Main Authors: Tânia Rosária Pereira Freitas, Adriana Cavalcanti de Souza, Eduardo Gonçalves Esteves, Tânia Maria de Paula Lyra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro 2015-10-01
• Series: Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
• Online Access: http://rbmv.org/index.php/BJVM/article/view/393

ABSTRACT. Freitas T.R.P., Souza A.C., Esteves E.G. & Lyra T.M.P. [Comparison of virological methods applied on african swine fever diagnosis in Brazil, 1978.] Comparação dos métodos virológicos aplicados no diagnóstico da peste suína africana no Brasil, 1978. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(3):255-263, 2015. Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, s/n, Caixa postal 35/50, Pedro Leopoldo, MG 33600-000, Brasil. [e-mail] The techniques of leucocytes haemadsorption (HAD) for the African Swine Fever (ASF) virus isolation and the fluorescent antigens tissue samples (FATS) for virus antigens detection were implanted in the ASF eradication campaign in the country. The complementary of techniques was studied considering the results obtained when the HAD and FATS were concomitantly applied on the same pig tissue samples. The results of 22, 56 and 30 pigs samples from of the States of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP) and Paraná (PR), respectively, showed that in RJ 11 (50%); in SP, 28 (50%) and in PR, 15 (50%) samples were positive in the HAD, while, RJ, 18 (82%); SP, 33 (58%) and PR, 17 (57%) were positive in the FATS. In the universe of 108 samples submitted to both the tests, 83 (76.85%) were positive in at least one of the tests, which characterized ASF positivity. Among the positive samples, 28 (34%) have presented HAD negative results and 15 (18%) have presented FATS negative results. The achievement of applying simultaneously the both tests was the reduction of false- negative results, conferring more ASF accurate laboratorial diagnosis, besides to show the tests complementary. This aspect is fundamentally importance concern with a disease eradiation program to must avoid false negative results. Evidences of low virulence ASFV strains in Brazilian ASF outbreaks and also the distribution of ASF outbreaks by the mesoregions of each State were discussed. Public political action to avoid ASFV re-introduction should be thought and established. The successful experience of 1978 can be taken advantage for the country and for the outside.