Associated Myocarditis: A Predictive Factor for Response?

• Main Authors: Walid Shalata, Nir Peled, Itzhak Gabizon, Omar Abu Saleh, Waleed Kian, Alexander Yakobson
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Karger Publishers 2020-05-01
• Series: Case Reports in Oncology
• Subjects: immune checkpoint inhibitors; myocarditis; melanoma; pembrolizumab; nivolumab; ipilimumab
• Online Access: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/507278

In the present case report, we aimed to describe 2 cases of myocarditis occurring as serious adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) administered as treatment for metastatic melanoma. We describe 2 female patients: an 81-year-old treated with pembrolizumab and a 55-year-old treated with a combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab. Both patients underwent resection of metastases; while under treatment, both developed myocarditis, most probably as a toxicity from pembrolizumab and nivolumab plus Ipilimumab, respectively. While they achieved complete response, the occurrence of myocarditis as a toxicity of ICIs may have been a predictive sign that the immune system was sufficiently activated by the checkpoint inhibitor therapy to induce complete remission.