The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge
Background . Research remains inconclusive about the most effective frame for encouraging health preventative behaviors. Aims . To examine the impact of gain- and loss-framed health messages on nutrition and physical activity (PA) knowledge in fourth-grade youth participating in the Shaping Healthy...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X19857405 |
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doaj-062a3f104474462eb6aaf964af64fc182020-11-25T03:26:21ZengSAGE PublishingGlobal Pediatric Health2333-794X2019-06-01610.1177/2333794X19857405The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity KnowledgeDeborah S. Fetter PhD0Madan Dharmar MBBS, PhD1Suzanne Lawry-Hall MS2Jona Pressman BS3Jamie Chapman4Rachel E. Scherr PhD5University of California, Davis, CA, USAUniversity of California, Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USACooperative Extension, Butte County, Oroville, CA, USACooperative Extension, Butte County, Oroville, CA, USACooperative Extension, Butte County, Oroville, CA, USAUniversity of California, Davis, CA, USABackground . Research remains inconclusive about the most effective frame for encouraging health preventative behaviors. Aims . To examine the impact of gain- and loss-framed health messages on nutrition and physical activity (PA) knowledge in fourth-grade youth participating in the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP), a multicomponent nutrition program. Methods . Youth were recruited to participate in this 9-month quasi-experimental study and divided into 3 groups: (1) comparison (n = 50), (2) loss-framed (n = 76), and (3) gain-framed (n = 67). All youth participated in the SHCP, and the gain- and loss-framed groups also viewed weekly health messages. Paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, ANOVA (analysis of variance), and Bonferroni for multiple comparisons were used for analysis. Results . Youth who participated in the SHCP improved nutrition knowledge (+2.0 points; P < .01) and PA knowledge (+1.8 points; P < .01). Nutrition knowledge improved in the comparison group (+1.3 points; P = .04), loss-framed group (+1.9 points; P = .01), and gain-framed group (+2.6 points; P = .01). Improvements in PA knowledge were also demonstrated in the comparison group (+1.6 points; P < .01), the loss-framed group (+1.3 points; P < .01), and the gain-framed group (+2.5 points; P = .01). There were no significant differences between groups. Youth in the loss-framed group reported a decrease in self-efficacy (−1.2; P = .05), while this was not observed in the other groups. Discussion . The SHCP improves nutrition and PA knowledge, and the positive reinforcement further strengthens some of these improvements, while loss-framed messaging can contribute to undesirable outcomes. Conclusions . Incorporating positive reinforcement through gain-framed messages can be a relatively low-cost avenue for supporting beneficial outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X19857405 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Deborah S. Fetter PhD Madan Dharmar MBBS, PhD Suzanne Lawry-Hall MS Jona Pressman BS Jamie Chapman Rachel E. Scherr PhD |
spellingShingle |
Deborah S. Fetter PhD Madan Dharmar MBBS, PhD Suzanne Lawry-Hall MS Jona Pressman BS Jamie Chapman Rachel E. Scherr PhD The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge Global Pediatric Health |
author_facet |
Deborah S. Fetter PhD Madan Dharmar MBBS, PhD Suzanne Lawry-Hall MS Jona Pressman BS Jamie Chapman Rachel E. Scherr PhD |
author_sort |
Deborah S. Fetter PhD |
title |
The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge |
title_short |
The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge |
title_full |
The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge |
title_fullStr |
The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Influence of Gain-Framed and Loss-Framed Health Messages on Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge |
title_sort |
influence of gain-framed and loss-framed health messages on nutrition and physical activity knowledge |
publisher |
SAGE Publishing |
series |
Global Pediatric Health |
issn |
2333-794X |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Background . Research remains inconclusive about the most effective frame for encouraging health preventative behaviors. Aims . To examine the impact of gain- and loss-framed health messages on nutrition and physical activity (PA) knowledge in fourth-grade youth participating in the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP), a multicomponent nutrition program. Methods . Youth were recruited to participate in this 9-month quasi-experimental study and divided into 3 groups: (1) comparison (n = 50), (2) loss-framed (n = 76), and (3) gain-framed (n = 67). All youth participated in the SHCP, and the gain- and loss-framed groups also viewed weekly health messages. Paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, ANOVA (analysis of variance), and Bonferroni for multiple comparisons were used for analysis. Results . Youth who participated in the SHCP improved nutrition knowledge (+2.0 points; P < .01) and PA knowledge (+1.8 points; P < .01). Nutrition knowledge improved in the comparison group (+1.3 points; P = .04), loss-framed group (+1.9 points; P = .01), and gain-framed group (+2.6 points; P = .01). Improvements in PA knowledge were also demonstrated in the comparison group (+1.6 points; P < .01), the loss-framed group (+1.3 points; P < .01), and the gain-framed group (+2.5 points; P = .01). There were no significant differences between groups. Youth in the loss-framed group reported a decrease in self-efficacy (−1.2; P = .05), while this was not observed in the other groups. Discussion . The SHCP improves nutrition and PA knowledge, and the positive reinforcement further strengthens some of these improvements, while loss-framed messaging can contribute to undesirable outcomes. Conclusions . Incorporating positive reinforcement through gain-framed messages can be a relatively low-cost avenue for supporting beneficial outcomes. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X19857405 |
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