The impact of coenzyme Q10 on metabolic and cardiovascular disease profiles in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

• Main Authors: Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Tawanda M. Nyambuya, Patrick Orlando, Sonia Silvestri, Vuyolwethu Mxinwa, Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Bongani B. Nkambule, Johan Louw, Christo J. F. Muller, Luca Tiano
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2020-04-01
• Series: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
• Subjects: cardiovascular diseases; coenzyme Q10; diabetes mellitus; heart failure; metabolic syndrome; oxidative stress
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.118

Abstract Aims Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is well known for its beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, reported evidence has not been precisely synthesized to better inform on its impact in protecting against cardiovascular‐related complications in diabetic patients. Materials and Methodology The current meta‐analysis included randomized controlled trials published in the past 5 years reporting on the effect of CoQ10 on metabolic and CVD‐related risk profiles in individuals with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. We searched electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and EMBASE for eligible studies. In addition to assessing the risk of bias and quality of evidence, the random and fixed‐effect models were used to calculate the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals for metabolic parameters and CVD outcomes. Results Overall, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, enrolling a total of 650 patients. Although CoQ10 supplementation did not statistically affect all metabolic profiles measured, it significantly reduced CVD‐risk‐related indexes such as total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in diabetic patients when compared to those on placebo [SMD = 0.13, 95% CI (0.03; 0.23), Chi2 = 43.62 and I2 = 29%, P = .07]. Conclusions The overall results demonstrated that supplementation with CoQ10 shows an enhanced potential to lower CVD risk in diabetic patients by reducing total cholesterol and LDL. Moreover, the beneficial effects of CoQ10 in lowering the CVD risk are associated with its ameliorative properties against oxidative stress and improving endothelial health.