Activity of Catalase (CAT), ALT and AST in Different Organs of Swiss Albino Mice Treated with Lead Acetate, Vitamin C and Magnesium-L-Threonate

• Main Authors: Ilir Nazmi Mazreku, Halil Ahmetaj, Valbona Aliko, Kemajl Bislimi, Fetah Halili, Jeton Halili
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2017-11-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Blood brain barrier; Dose; Toxicity
• Online Access: http://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10841/30297-CE(RA1)_F(GG)_PF1(PB_AP)_PFA(MJ_GG).pdf

Introduction: Lead is a natural element with toxic properties and is widespread in the environment. Lead toxicity is associated with generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and consumption of antioxidants elements (vitamin E and C, glutathione, thioredoxin and lipoic acid, melatonin, carotenoids and natural flavonoids) in the cell, and unbalancing oxidantsantioxidants levels. Aim: To evaluate the effects of different chemical combinations (lead acetate, Vitamin C and Magnesium-L-threonate) on antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase-CAT) of liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas and brain, and serum transaminases [Serum Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST)]. Materials and Methods: Experimental animals (49 male Mus musculus-swiss albino mice) were separated into five different groups. The first group was used as a control, hence the other four groups were treated with sub-lethal doses (90 mg/kg) of lead acetate (group 2), lead acetate (90 mg/kg) and Vitamin C dose 40mg/kg (group 3), lead acetate (90 mg/kg) and Magnesium-Lthreonate dose 100 mg/kg (group 4) and only with MagnesiumL-threonate dose 100 mg/kg (group 5), during the treatment period (40 days). Blood samples were taken from the facial vein and used for transaminase analysis. Organ tissue was collected after euthanizing anaesthetized animals with neck dislocation technique. Results: The results showed that lead acetate treatment has caused significant elevation in the activity of AST (group 2 and 3) and ALT (group 3). Also, CAT activity was significantly (p<0.05) increased in groups treated with lead acetate (liver, pancreas, kidney and brain but not in spleen). Treatment of lead intoxicated groups with Vitamin C and Magnesium L-threonate increased significantly CAT activity in brain. Conclusion: Lead effects by interacting with different molecular systems and increasing enzyme activity (CAT, ALT and AST). Effects on CAT activity of Magnesium-L-threonate and Vitamin C treatment in lead acetate intoxication case are similar. Detoxifying properties of Vitamin C in the brain compared with other organs were very ineffective, because of Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) metabolic competences.