Focal Cortical Thickness Correlates of Exceptional Memory Training in Vedic Priests

• Main Authors: Giridhar Padmanabhan Kalamangalam, Timothy Michael Ellmore
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-10-01
• Series: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
• Subjects: Hippocampus; Prefrontal Cortex; Temporal Lobe; MRI; hemispheric encoding and retrieval asymmetry (HERA)
• Online Access: http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00833/full

The capacity for semantic memory – the ability to acquire and store knowledge of the world - is highly developed in the human brain. In particular, semantic memory assimilated through an auditory route may be a uniquely human capacity. One method of obtaining neurobiological insight into auditory semantic memory mechanisms is through the study of experts. In this work, we study a group of Hindu Vedic priests, whose religious training requires the memorization of vast tracts of scriptural texts through an oral tradition, recalled spontaneously during a lifetime of subsequent spiritual practice. We demonstrate focal increases of cortical thickness in the dominant prefrontal lobe and non-dominant temporal lobe in Vedic priests, in comparison to a group of matched controls. The findings are relevant to current hypotheses regarding cognitive processes underlying storage and recall of long-term declarative memory.