Influence of Menstrual Cycle or Hormonal Contraceptive Phase on Energy Intake and Metabolic Hormones—A Pilot Study

Influence of Menstrual Cycle or Hormonal Contraceptive Phase on Energy Intake and Metabolic Hormones—A Pilot Study

Sex hormones are suggested to influence energy intake (EI) and metabolic hormones. This study investigated the influence of menstrual cycle (MC) and hormonal contraceptive (HC) cycle phases on EI, energy availability (EA), and metabolic hormones in recreational athletes (eumenorrheic, NHC = 15 and m...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Johanna K. Ihalainen, Ida Löfberg, Anna Kotkajuuri, Heikki Kyröläinen, Anthony C. Hackney, Ritva S. Taipale-Mikkonen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Endocrines
Subjects:
sex hormones
estradiol
progesterone
energy availability
leptin
ghrelin
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-396X/2/2/8

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