New Horizons in Time-Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging

• Format: eBook
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020
• Subjects: Medicine and Nursing; Neurosciences; 3-hour sitting; absorption; aging; biological tissue; brain; brain atrophy; brain oxygenation; breast cancer; cerebral blood volume; cerebral hemoglobin oxygen saturation; characteristic length and time scales of photon transport; chemotherapy; circumference; cognitive function; compression stocking; datatypes; diffuse light; diffuse optical spectroscopy; diffuse optical tomography; diffuse optics; diffusion and delta-Eddington approximations; diffusion approximation; diffusion equation; extracellular water; fluorescence diffuse optical tomography; gastrocnemius; hemoglobin; highly forward scattering of photons; intracellular water; inverse problem; inverse problems; light propagation in tissue; magnetic resonance imaging; n/a; near infrared spectroscopy; near infrared time-resolved spectroscopy; near-infrared spectroscopy; near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy; neonate; NIRS; noninvasive; null source-detector separation; optical pathlength; optical properties of tissue; optical tomography; prefrontal cortex; radiative transfer equation; scattering; subcutaneous white adipose tissue; time-domain; time-domain instruments; time-domain NIRS; time-domain spectroscopy; time-resolved; time-resolved spectroscopy; tissue oxygenation; tissue saturation; tissue total hemoglobin; TRS; vaginal delivery; VSRAD
• Online Access: Open Access: DOAB: description of the publication; Open Access: DOAB, download the publication

 Jöbsis was the first to describe the in vivo application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), also called diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). NIRS was originally designed for the clinical monitoring of tissue oxygenation, and today it has also become a useful tool for neuroimaging studies (functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS). However, difficulties in the selective and quantitative measurements of tissue hemoglobin (Hb), which have been central in the NIRS field for over 40 years, remain to be solved. To overcome these problems, time-domain (TD) and frequency-domain (FD) measurements have been tried. Presently, a wide range of NIRS instruments are available, including commonly available commercial instruments for continuous wave (CW) measurements, based on the modified Beer-Lambert law (steady-state domain measurements). Among these measurements, the TD measurement is the most promising approach, although compared with CW and FD measurements, TD measurements are less common, due to the need for large and expensive instruments with poor temporal resolution and limited dynamic range. However, thanks to technological developments, TD measurements are increasingly being used in research, and also in various clinical settings. This Special Issue highlights issues at the cutting edge of TD DOS and diffuse optical tomography (DOT). It covers all aspects related to TD measurements, including advances in hardware, methodology, the theory of light propagation, and clinical applications.